Write Short'notes on the following:
1. Humus
3. Contour Ploughing
5. Crop Rotation
2. Terrace Farming
4. Shelter Belts
6. Water Pollution
Answers
1.The organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.
2. Terrace farming is the practice of cutting flat areas out of a hilly or mountainous landscape in order to grow crops.
3. Contour ploughing is the farming practice of plowing and/or planting across a slope following its elevation contour lines.
4. Shelter belts are rows of trees, usually along fence lines. They are planted mainly to protect animals or crops from cold winds, but also to give shade in hot weather.
5.Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure. For example, say a farmer has planted a field of corn.
6. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater.
Answer:
Humus
the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.
Contour ploughing
Contour bunding or contour farming or Contour ploughing is the farming practice of plowing and/or planting across a slope following its elevation contour lines. ... A similar practice is contour bunding where stones are placed around the contours of slopes. Contour ploughing helps to reduce soil erosion.
crop rotation
Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons. It reduces reliance on one set of nutrients, pest and weed pressure, and the probability of developing resistant pest and weeds.
Terrace cultivation
Terrace cultivation, method of growing crops on sides of hills or mountains by planting on graduated terraces built into the slope. Though labour-intensive, the method has been employed effectively to maximize arable land area in variable terrains and to reduce soil erosion and water loss.