Write some advantages and disadvantages of the following : a) Optical fibre b) Coaxial cable c) Radio waves d) Twisted pair cable
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Advantages of Optical Fiber
Greater bandwidth & faster speed—Optical fiber cable supports extremely high bandwidth and speed. The large amount of information that can be transmitted per unit of optical fiber cable is its most significant advantage.
Cheap—Long, continuous miles of optical fiber cable can be made cheaper than equivalent lengths of copper wire. With numerous vendors swarm to compete for the market share, optical cable price would sure to drop.
Thinner and light-weighted—Optical fiber is thinner, and can be drawn to smaller diameters than copper wire. They are of smaller size and light weight than a comparable copper wire cable, offering a better fit for places where space is a concern.
Higher carrying capacity—Because optical fibers are much thinner than copper wires, more fibers can be bundled into a given-diameter cable. This allows more phone lines to go over the same cable or more channels to come through the cable into your cable TV box.
Less signal degradation—The loss of signal in optical fiber is less than that in copper wire.
Light signals—Unlike electrical signals transmitted in copper wires, light signals from one fiber do not interfere with those of other fibers in the same fiber cable. This means clearer phone conversations or TV reception.
Long lifespan—Optical fibers usually have a longer life cycle for over 100 years.
Disadvantages of Optical Fiber
Low power—Light emitting sources are limited to low power. Although high power emitters are available to improve power supply, it would add extra cost.
Fragility—Optical fiber is rather fragile and more vulnerable to damage compared to copper wires. You’d better not to twist or bend fiber optic cables too tightly.
Distance—The distance between the transmitter and receiver should keep short or repeaters are needed to boost the signal.
Following are the benefits or advantages of Coaxial Cable:
➨Due to skin effect, coaxial cable is used in high frequency applications (> 50 MHz) using copper clad materials for center conductor. Skin effect is result of high frequency signals propagating along outer surface of the conductor. It increases tensile strength of the cable and reduces weight.
➨The cost of coaxial cable is less.
➨The outer conductor in coaxial cable is used to improve attenuation and shield effectiveness. This can be further enhanced with the use of second foil or braid known as jacket (C2 as designated in the figure-1). The jacket is used as protective cover from the environment and makes overall coaxial cable as flame retardant.
➨It is less susceptible to noise or interference (EMI or RFI) compare to twisted pair cable.
Following are the disadvantages of Coaxial Cable:
➨It is bulky.
➨It is expensive to install for longer distances due to its thickness and stiffness.
➨As single cable is used for signal transmission across the entire network, in case of failure in one cable the entire network will be down.
➨The security is a great concern as it is easy to tap the coaxial cable by breaking it and inserting T-joint (of BNC type) in between.
➨It must be grounded to prevent interference.
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Greater bandwidth & faster speed—Optical fiber cable supports extremely high bandwidth and speed. The large amount of information that can be transmitted per unit of optical fiber cable is its most significant advantage.
Cheap—Long, continuous miles of optical fiber cable can be made cheaper than equivalent lengths of copper wire. With numerous vendors swarm to compete for the market share, optical cable price would sure to drop.
Thinner and light-weighted—Optical fiber is thinner, and can be drawn to smaller diameters than copper wire. They are of smaller size and light weight than a comparable copper wire cable, offering a better fit for places where space is a concern.
Higher carrying capacity—Because optical fibers are much thinner than copper wires, more fibers can be bundled into a given-diameter cable. This allows more phone lines to go over the same cable or more channels to come through the cable into your cable TV box.
Less signal degradation—The loss of signal in optical fiber is less than that in copper wire.
Light signals—Unlike electrical signals transmitted in copper wires, light signals from one fiber do not interfere with those of other fibers in the same fiber cable. This means clearer phone conversations or TV reception.
Long lifespan—Optical fibers usually have a longer life cycle for over 100 years.
Disadvantages of Optical Fiber
Low power—Light emitting sources are limited to low power. Although high power emitters are available to improve power supply, it would add extra cost.
Fragility—Optical fiber is rather fragile and more vulnerable to damage compared to copper wires. You’d better not to twist or bend fiber optic cables too tightly.
Distance—The distance between the transmitter and receiver should keep short or repeaters are needed to boost the signal.
Following are the benefits or advantages of Coaxial Cable:
➨Due to skin effect, coaxial cable is used in high frequency applications (> 50 MHz) using copper clad materials for center conductor. Skin effect is result of high frequency signals propagating along outer surface of the conductor. It increases tensile strength of the cable and reduces weight.
➨The cost of coaxial cable is less.
➨The outer conductor in coaxial cable is used to improve attenuation and shield effectiveness. This can be further enhanced with the use of second foil or braid known as jacket (C2 as designated in the figure-1). The jacket is used as protective cover from the environment and makes overall coaxial cable as flame retardant.
➨It is less susceptible to noise or interference (EMI or RFI) compare to twisted pair cable.
Following are the disadvantages of Coaxial Cable:
➨It is bulky.
➨It is expensive to install for longer distances due to its thickness and stiffness.
➨As single cable is used for signal transmission across the entire network, in case of failure in one cable the entire network will be down.
➨The security is a great concern as it is easy to tap the coaxial cable by breaking it and inserting T-joint (of BNC type) in between.
➨It must be grounded to prevent interference.
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Disadvantages of radio waves:
● susceptible to atmospherics (lighting, static, fading).
● Propagation effects
● Lack of security
Advantages of twisted pair cable:
● reduces electromagnetic radiation from the pair
● improves rejection of external electromagnetic inteference
Disadvantages of twisted pair cable:
● It is incapable of carrying a signal over long distances without the use of repeaters only because of high attenuation.
● Not suited for broadband applications only because of its low bandwidth capabilities.
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