Write some terms to describe that force is applied on an object
Answers
Answer:
A force is a push or pull acting upon an object as a result of its interaction with another object. There are a variety of types of forces.
Applied Force
An applied force is a force that is applied to an object by a person or another object. If a person is pushing a desk across the room, then there is an applied force acting upon the object. The applied force is the force exerted on the desk by the person.
Gravity Force
(also known as Weight)
The force of gravity is the force with which the earth, moon, or other massively large object attracts another object towards itself. By definition, this is the weight of the object. All objects upon earth experience a force of gravity that is directed "downward" towards the center of the earth. The force of gravity on earth is always equal to the weight of the object as found by the equation:
Fgrav = m * gwhere g = 9.8 N/kg (on Earth)
and m = mass (in kg)
Normal Force
The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. For example, if a book is resting upon a surface, then the surface is exerting an upward force upon the book in order to support the weight of the book. On occasions, a normal force is exerted horizontally between two objects that are in contact with each other. For instance, if a person leans against a wall, the wall pushes horizontally on the person.
Friction Force
The friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. There are at least two types of friction force - sliding and static friction. Though it is not always the case, the friction force often opposes the motion of an object. For example, if a book slides across the surface of a desk, then the desk exerts a friction force in the opposite direction of its motion. Friction results from the two surfaces being pressed together closely, causing intermolecular attractive forces between molecules of different surfaces. As such, friction depends upon the nature of the two surfaces and upon the degree to which they are pressed together. The maximum amount of friction force that a surface can exert upon an object can be calculated using the formula below:
Ffrict = µ • Fnorm
Air Resistance Foce
The air resistance is a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air. The force of air resistance is often observed to oppose the motion of an object. This force will frequently be neglected due to its negligible magnitude (and due to the fact that it is mathematically difficult to predict its value). It is most noticeable for objects that travel at high speeds (e.g., a skydiver or a downhill skier) or for objects with large surface areas.
Tension Force
The tension force is the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. The tension force is directed along the length of the wire and pulls equally on the objects on the opposite ends of the wire.
Spring Force
The spring force is the force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it. An object that compresses or stretches a spring is always acted upon by a force that restores the object to its rest or equilibrium position. For most springs (specifically, for those that are said to obey "Hooke's Law"), the magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the amount of stretch or compression of the spring.
Frequently in sport the body is the vehicle used for applying force to an object. This could be the swing of a racket or bat applying force to a ball, or the movement of a foot to kick a ball, or even the use of an athlete’s body to tackle their opposition. The body does this through the generation of forces by their muscles creating movement of the limb or body that makes contact with the external object.
In order to generate the maximal force, the body needs to use its largest muscles. These are the muscles of the lower body and torso. Even when using the upper body to make contact with the external object, the body will often generate the force from the lower half. If we take a look at shot put for example. The video below is of the Olympic record being set. If we focus on the technique, you can see that each athlete who throws, bends their legs and generates their force from their legs. They then add force from their torso, as they twist their body, before the final push with the arms. In the video, they also add centrifugal force generated by the spin.