Write the all main characteristics of PTERIDOPHYTES.
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Heya !!!!
Pteridophytes are non flowering plants (Cryptogams)...
Pteridophytes include Club mosses , horsetails , ferns etc....
➡These are first terrestrial plants to posses vascular tissue....
➡The main plant body of pteridophytes is sporophyte.It is differentiated into true roots,stem and leaves...
➡Pteridophytes are commonly called as Vascular cryptogams....
➡Roots are adventitious and stem is underground rhizome...
➡The leaves of pteridophytes are small(Microphylls)as in selaginella or large folds (macrophylls) as in ferns...
➡ Ferns show circinate vernation and the petioles are covered with brown multicellular hairs called Ramenta....
➡The stele may be prostele or siphonostele or solenostele...
➡One of the important characters of pteridophytes is that the sporophyte and Gametophyte are independent where as sporophyte is dominant,long lived whereas the gametophyte is reduced and short lived....
➡ Gametophyte is small , Short lived and it is produced from Haploid spores known as Prothallus....
➡ Sporophyte of the plant may be homosporous (all spores are similar) or heterosporous (Two different types of spores) i.e. microspores and megaspores...
➡Prothallus (gametophyte) are monoecious or dioecious...
➡Sex organs are Antheridia and Archegonia ,they are sessile....
➡Male gametes are Antherozoids formed from Antheridia...Antherozoids are uninucleate,spirally coiled ,biflagellate or multiflagellate structures....
➡ Union of male and female gametes results in Diploid zygote...Zygote develops into embryo...
Hope this helps you ;)
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Pteridophytes are non flowering plants (Cryptogams)...
Pteridophytes include Club mosses , horsetails , ferns etc....
➡These are first terrestrial plants to posses vascular tissue....
➡The main plant body of pteridophytes is sporophyte.It is differentiated into true roots,stem and leaves...
➡Pteridophytes are commonly called as Vascular cryptogams....
➡Roots are adventitious and stem is underground rhizome...
➡The leaves of pteridophytes are small(Microphylls)as in selaginella or large folds (macrophylls) as in ferns...
➡ Ferns show circinate vernation and the petioles are covered with brown multicellular hairs called Ramenta....
➡The stele may be prostele or siphonostele or solenostele...
➡One of the important characters of pteridophytes is that the sporophyte and Gametophyte are independent where as sporophyte is dominant,long lived whereas the gametophyte is reduced and short lived....
➡ Gametophyte is small , Short lived and it is produced from Haploid spores known as Prothallus....
➡ Sporophyte of the plant may be homosporous (all spores are similar) or heterosporous (Two different types of spores) i.e. microspores and megaspores...
➡Prothallus (gametophyte) are monoecious or dioecious...
➡Sex organs are Antheridia and Archegonia ,they are sessile....
➡Male gametes are Antherozoids formed from Antheridia...Antherozoids are uninucleate,spirally coiled ,biflagellate or multiflagellate structures....
➡ Union of male and female gametes results in Diploid zygote...Zygote develops into embryo...
Hope this helps you ;)
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vaniR:
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Answered by
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hey folk
here is your answer
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF PTERIDOPHYTES
_____________________________
1. pteridophytes are found in cold, damp, shady place but some of may found in sandy soil conditions
2. evolutionary, they are the first terrestrial Plant to possess vascular tissue - xylem and phloem
3. the dominant phase is independent saprophyte (2n)
4. it includes equisetum and ferns.
5. the leaves in pteridophytes maybe small as in selaginella or large as in ferns
6. the leaflet and leaves having sporangia called sporophylls.
7. the sporangium contains sporogenous tissue where spore mother cell undergo sporic meiosis produce Spores
8. in some pteridophyte like selaginella and equisetum the sporophylls may be completely arranged into structure called strobili or cones.
9. plant like Lycopodium, dryopteris, etc produce a single kind of a spores and are known as homosporus whereas plant like Selaginell, salvinia, etc produce two kind of Spores macro and micro spore. they are known as heterosporous.
10. the spores germinate to give rise to inconspicuous small but multicellular free-living mostly photosynthesis thaloid gametophytes called prothallus
11. the Megaspores and microspores germinate and give rise to female and male gametophyte respectively
12. the gametophyte bear male and female sex organ called antheridia and archegonia respectively
13. the gametophyte that develop a homosporus spaces in monoecious while those of heterosporous species is dioecious.
14. these gametophyte required cool, damp, shady place to grow because of the specific restricted requirement and the need of water of fertilization the spread of Living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical region.
15. sperms are flagellated they required and external supply of water for swimming to the mouth of archegonium.
16. fusion of gametes result in the formation of zygote which develops into embryo the embryo develops into multicellular well-differentiated Sporophytes.
17. in heterosporous Species the female gametophytes remains on the parent sporophyte for a variable period the development of zygote into young embryos take place within the female gametophyte.
18. the pteridophyte are further classified into four classes i.e.
a. psilopsida
b. Lycopodium
c. sphenopsida
4. pteropsida
19. adiantum is also called as walking fern
20. Azolla is an aquatic water fern used as biofertilizer it has symbiotic Association with cyanobacteria anebena.
EXAMPLE ::- examples of the pteridophytes plants are Fern, Horsetail, Psilotum, Azolla, Isoetes, Marsilea, Salvinia, Selaginella, Equisetum, Pterium etc.
MAY THIS HELPS YOU
CHEERS !!☺☺ ☺☺
here is your answer
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF PTERIDOPHYTES
_____________________________
1. pteridophytes are found in cold, damp, shady place but some of may found in sandy soil conditions
2. evolutionary, they are the first terrestrial Plant to possess vascular tissue - xylem and phloem
3. the dominant phase is independent saprophyte (2n)
4. it includes equisetum and ferns.
5. the leaves in pteridophytes maybe small as in selaginella or large as in ferns
6. the leaflet and leaves having sporangia called sporophylls.
7. the sporangium contains sporogenous tissue where spore mother cell undergo sporic meiosis produce Spores
8. in some pteridophyte like selaginella and equisetum the sporophylls may be completely arranged into structure called strobili or cones.
9. plant like Lycopodium, dryopteris, etc produce a single kind of a spores and are known as homosporus whereas plant like Selaginell, salvinia, etc produce two kind of Spores macro and micro spore. they are known as heterosporous.
10. the spores germinate to give rise to inconspicuous small but multicellular free-living mostly photosynthesis thaloid gametophytes called prothallus
11. the Megaspores and microspores germinate and give rise to female and male gametophyte respectively
12. the gametophyte bear male and female sex organ called antheridia and archegonia respectively
13. the gametophyte that develop a homosporus spaces in monoecious while those of heterosporous species is dioecious.
14. these gametophyte required cool, damp, shady place to grow because of the specific restricted requirement and the need of water of fertilization the spread of Living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical region.
15. sperms are flagellated they required and external supply of water for swimming to the mouth of archegonium.
16. fusion of gametes result in the formation of zygote which develops into embryo the embryo develops into multicellular well-differentiated Sporophytes.
17. in heterosporous Species the female gametophytes remains on the parent sporophyte for a variable period the development of zygote into young embryos take place within the female gametophyte.
18. the pteridophyte are further classified into four classes i.e.
a. psilopsida
b. Lycopodium
c. sphenopsida
4. pteropsida
19. adiantum is also called as walking fern
20. Azolla is an aquatic water fern used as biofertilizer it has symbiotic Association with cyanobacteria anebena.
EXAMPLE ::- examples of the pteridophytes plants are Fern, Horsetail, Psilotum, Azolla, Isoetes, Marsilea, Salvinia, Selaginella, Equisetum, Pterium etc.
MAY THIS HELPS YOU
CHEERS !!☺☺ ☺☺
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Great answer brother :)
thanks yash ;-)
Excellent bro
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