Question

write the answers clearly​

Answer 1

Answer:

B= Electronegativity, symbolized as χ, is the tendency for an atom of a given chemical element to attract shared electrons when forming a chemical bond. An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus.

C= Electron affinity of fluorine is less than that of chlorine. This is due to the reason explained below:

Fluorine has seven electrons in 2p-subshell whereas chlorine has seven electrons in its 3p-subshell. 3p-subshell is relatively larger than 2p-subshell. Therefore, repulsion among the electrons will be more in the 2p-shell of fluorine than 3p-subshell in chlorine.

Due to the smaller size and thus, the greater electron-electron repulsions, fluorine will not accept an incoming electron with the same as chlorine. As a result, a lesser amount of energy released is when one electron is added into the 2p-subshell of F (g) to form F−(g) ion.

Since, energy released during the formation of Cl− (g) ion is more than that released in case of F−(g) ion, the electron affinity of chlorine is more than that of fluorine.

F(g)+e−→F−(g);ΔEeg=−333kJmol−1

Cl(g)+e−→Cl−(g);ΔEeg=−349kJmol−1

A= Because Ca 2+ resembles Argon and Argon is Nobel gas so it's more stable than Zn 2+.