write the construction and working of electric generator with labble diagram
Answers
Explanation:
construction:It consists of a coil ABCD with two slip rings R1 and R2 connected with brushes B1 and B2 respectively. The coil is placed between two poles of a horse-shoe shaped electromagnet. Brushes are connected to a galvanometer which shows the direction of current in the circuit.
Working- When coil rotates the arm AB goes up and arm CD goes downwards, so coil rotates in clockwise direction. Applying Fleming’s right hand rule the induced current which is produced is in the direction ABCD. Current flows from brush B2 to B1. After half rotation AB comes in place of CD and CD in place of AB thus induced current flows from DCBA. Now current flow from brush B1 to B2. Thus every half rotation current flow direction is reversed thus it is an alternating current
Principle: Electric generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Construction: A loop ABCD is rotated in a permanent magnetic field. Its ends are connected with two semi-circular rings as shown in the figure below. These rings are insulated from each other and can slide while remaining in contact with brushes X and Y. A galvanometer is connected between the two ends of the brush.
Working: On rotating the loop in a magnetic field, the side AB moves upward and the side CD moves downwards. Thus magnetic flux linked with the loop changes and a current is induced in it whose direction can be determined by Fleming's right hand rule.In the figure, the current is flowing through the path
B-A-G-D-C.
After half rotation, the ring P comes in contact with brush Y and the ring Q, comes in contact with brush X. Thus, the brush X is always in contact with the side moving upwards and brush Y is always in contact with side moving downwards as a result of which the current flows in one direction. This current is called direct current. This type of generator is called D.C. generator. Similarly, instead of a half ring, if a full ring is used then, A.C. current can be generated and such a generator is called an A.C. generator.