write the difference between Mathura and Gandhara style art
Answers
Here you go.
1.Influence
G:Greek Influence / Hellenistic Influence. Also called Indo-Greek art
M:Indigenous
2.Types of Material
G:Grey sandstone/ Bluish - Grey sandstone,stucco
M:Spotted Red sandstone
3.Religious influence
G:Mainly Buddhist
M:All 3 religions-Buddhism,Jainism and Hinduism
4.Areas spread
G:Northwest Frontier
M:Obviously Mathura, Sonkh, Kankalitila(Jain)
5.Features of Sculptures
G:Spiritual Buddha represents calmness;Bearded,has moustache;wears less ornament;wavy hair,large forehead and ears;seated in Yogi position and protruberance on his head implying knowlegde.
M:Delighted Buddha, face reflecting grace;head and face shaven;muscular and energetic body;Dress is tight;seated in Padmasana with Abhaya Mudra in Right hand and left on thigh;protruberance on head.
6.Other features
M: Buddha is surrounded by Bodhisattas; Halo around the Buddha decorated with geometrical motifs.
Shiva represented through Ling and Mukha ling
Scultpures of Mahavira and Vishnu are also covered.
Gandhara School of art
•Theme is mainly Buddhist, depicting various stories from the life of Buddha.
• Also, more stress is given to the bodily features and external beauty.
• Sculptures were made initially on stone and later on Stucco, both grey in colour.
•This school is influenced by Greco-Roman techniques to a greater extent.
•One of the reasons is definitely the geographical location of the school.
• Gandhara school was heavily influenced by Greek methodologies, the figures were more spiritual and sculpted mainly in grey, and great detail was paid to exact depiction of body parts.
Mathura school of art
•Theme may vary from Buddhist to Brahmanical to sometimes secular.
• More stress is given to the inner beauty and facial emotions rather than bodily gesture.
• Sculptures were made on White-spotted red stones.
• These were not influenced by Greco-Roman techniques to that extent.
• Several Brahmanical Deities were first crystallized by this school.
• For the Mathura school, the material was red sandstone, and they were depicted as more human and less spiritual. It was wholly influenced by Indian sculptures.