Question

Write the difference between σ (sigma) and π (pi) bond.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

SIGMA BOND

The bond formed by the face to face overlapping between two atomic orbital’s ( between s – s orbital’s, p – p orbital’s or s – p orbital’s ), is called a sigma bond. Sigma bond is formed by the overlapping between two atomic orbitals in face to face. This may be between two ‘s’ orbitals, two ‘p’ orbitals, or even in between one ‘s’ orbital and one ‘p’ orbital.

These bonds are more stable with their lower energy. They show no bond resonance or hyper-conjugation. In these bonds, electron pairs exist between two atoms with the localized bonding. Therefore sigma bond is stronger than other bonds. Compounds with localized sigma bonding can be completely elaborated by a single Lewis structure. Also, their many properties like bond lengths, bond energies, and dipole moments can be predicted easily.

PI BOND

This bond is formed by sidewise or parallel overlapping between two orbitals such as py-py orbitals or Pz-Pz orbitals. Its stability is less due to higher energy. Pi bond participates in the resonance without showing hyper-conjugation. In these bonds, one or more electron pairs can move from one other atom and hence making the delocalized chemical bonding. Pi bonds are loosely bounded and hence these are weak bonds. Pi bond shows the properties of conjugated systems because all such systems have the alternate single and double or triple bonds.

⛔ NONEXISTENT ⛔

Answer 2

Answer:

1 .Sigma Bond 2.Pi Bond

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1.During sigma bond formation overlapping orbitals can either be one hybrid orbital and a single pure orbital, or two pure orbitals and two hybrid orbitals.

2.During pi bond formation overlapping orbitals must be two unhybridized orbitals.

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1.Sigma bonds are known to exist independently and allow free rotation. 2.Pi-bonds must always exist along with sigma bond and the rotation is restricted.

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1.Sigma bonds are stronger bonds.

2.Pi bonds are usually less powerful compared to sigma bonds.

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1.Sigma bonds are formed first when atoms interact.

2.Pi bonds between two atoms are formed after sigma bonds are formed between them.

Explanation:

1= sigma    2= pi