write the difference between states of matter
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
solid have highest intermolecular force
liquid have intermediate intermolecular for while gas have negligible intermolecular force
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Solid
In solids, particles are tightly or closely packed.
The gaps between the particles are tiny and hence it is tough to compress them.
Solid has a fixed shape and volume.
Due to its rigid nature, particles in solid can only vibrate about their mean position and cannot move.
Force of attraction between particles is adamant.
The rate of diffusion in solids is very low.
An example of solids: solid ice, sugar, rock, wood, etc.
Liquids
In a liquid state of matter, particles are less tightly packed as compared to solids.
Liquids take the shape of the container in which they are kept.
Liquids are difficult to compress as particles have less space between them to move.
Liquids have fixed volume but no fixed shape.
The rate of diffusion in liquids is higher than that of solids.
Force of attraction between the particles is weaker than solids.
Example of a liquid state of matter: water, milk, blood, coffee, etc.
Structure of Liquids
Gas
In gases, particles are far apart from each other.
Force of attraction between the particles is negligible, and they can move freely.
Gases have neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape.
The gaseous state has the highest compressibility as compared to solids and liquids.
The rate is diffusion is higher than solids and liquids.
The kinetic energy of particles is higher than in solids and liquids.
An example of gases: air, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.
Structure of Gases
Plasma
Plasma is a not so generally seen form of matter. Plasma consists of particles with extremely high kinetic energy. Electricity is used to ionize noble gases and make glowing signs, which is essentially plasma.
Superheated forms of plasma are what stars are.
Bose-Einstein Condensates
Discovered in 1995, Bose-Einstein condensates were made with the help of the advancements in technology.
Carl Weiman and Eric Cornell cooled a sample of rubidium with the help of magnets and lasers to within a few degrees of absolute zero.
At the said temperature, the motion of the molecules becomes negligible. As this brings down the kinetic energy, the atoms no longer stay separate, but they begin to clump together. As the atoms join together they form a super-atom.
Light slows down as it passes through a BEC helping scientists to study more about the nature of light as a wave and particle.
BEC’s also show properties of a superfluid which implies, it flows without friction.