Question

write the differences between chloroplast and mitochondria.

Answer 1

During nineteenth century, Darwin's theory of natural selection was widely accepted. But still it has following drawbacks: * The origin of variation is not explained in his theory. ... * Many times it is seen in nature that along with the misfits the fittest also become extinct in natural calamities.

Answer 2

Hello!!

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⭕Mitochondria:

➡️ Mitochondria are cylindrical or sausage - shaped double membraned organelles distributed in the cytoplasm.

➡️ They are not visible under the microscope.

➡️ Thus, they are stained by vital stain Janus green to make them visible for observation.

➡️ Mitochondria show great degree of variability in their shape, size and number.

⭕Functions of Mitochondria:

➡️ Mitochondria are main site of aerobic respiration.

➡️ They are miniature biochemical factories where food stuffs or respiratory substrates are completely oxidised to carbon dioxide and water.

➡️ The energy liberated in the process is stored in the form of ATP.

➡️ These bring about the oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins and beta-oxidation of fats.

➡️ Energy produced in mitochondria helps to perform various energy requiring processes of the cell like muscle contraction, nerve impulse conduction etc.

➡️ Because of the formation of ATP mitochondria called powerhouse of the cell.

⭕Chloroplast:

➡️ Chloroplasts are greenish plastics which possess photosynthetic pigments, chlorophylls and carotenoids and take part in the synthesis of food.

➡️ Majority of the chloroplast of the green plants are found in the mesophyll cells of the leaves.

➡️ They vary in size, shape and number.

⭕Functions of Chloroplast:

➡️ The Chloroplasts perform various functions like

• Photosynthesis: light reaction (in thylakoids) , dark reaction (in stroma).

• Storage of starch.

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