Write the function of the following in the human alimentary canal
Answers
simply answer is digestion and absorption of food
Mouth:- Food is mechanically digested here by cutting, chewing and grinding of teeth. Saliva is added which contains salivary amylase to begin the digestion of starch.
Oesophagus:- Boluses(balls) of food pass through be peristalsis, from mouth to stomach.
Stomach:- Muscular walls squeeze on food to make it semi-liquid. Gastric juice contains protease to digest protein and hydrochloric acid (HCl) to maintain optimum pH (1-2,5). The acid also kills bacteria.
Duodenum:- This is the first part of small intestine, it receives pancreatic juice containing protease, lipase and amylase. The juice also contains sodium hydrogen carbonate, which neutralises acid from the stomach, producing a pH of 7-8.
Pancreas:- Secreates pancreatic juice into the duodenum, also makes the hormones insulin and glucagon.
Liver:- Makes bile, which is stored on the gall bladder. Bile contains salts that emulsify fats, forming droplets with a large surface area to make digestion by lipase more efficient. Digested foods are assimilated here. For example, glucose is stored as glycogen, surplus amino acids are deaminated.
Rectum:- This stores feceas with the help of large intestine until it is egested.
Anus:- This has muscles to control when faces are egested from the body.
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