write the mane function of different parts of human digestive system
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Answer:
Mouth
The interior opening of the alimentary canal is the mouth. It leads to a buccal cavity or oral cavity, where teeth, tongue and salivary glands are present. Here, ingestion, mastication, and swallowing of food occur. There are four different types of teeth, namely, incisors, canines, premolars, and molars in the mouth. These help in the chewing of food
Salivary Glands
They are exocrine glands that produce saliva in the oral cavity. They secrete an enzyme called amylase, which helps in the breakdown of starch into maltose. There are three types of salivary glands, namely:
- Parotid gland
- Submandibular gland
- Sublingual gland
Stomach
The stomach holds food and also is a mixer and grinder. It secretes strong acids and powerful enzymes that help in the process of breaking down of food. Food is generally in a liquid or pastes consistency when it leaves the stomach.
Small Intestine
The small intestine is a long tube, which loosely coils in the abdomen area. Here, enzymes from the pancreas and liver further break down the food. The contractions of the small intestine help in the movement of food, along with its breakdown, after mixing with the digestive secretions. The jejunum and ileum areas of the small intestine are responsible for the absorption of food into the blood, though their villi.
Pancreas, Liver and Gall Bladder
These organs also play a significant role in the human digestive system. The pancreas secretes enzymes which help in the breakdown protein, fat, and carbohydrate. The liver secretes bile and cleanses and purifies the blood coming from the small intestine. The gallbladder stores the bile that the liver produces. It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion process.
Large Intestine
The waste that is left over after digestion of food, reaches the rectum through the peristaltic movements of the colon. Its functions also involve absorption of water.