Question

write the mechanism of maturation of pro insulin write its advantages​

Answer 1

❏Insulin initiates its action by binding to a glycoprotein receptor on the surface of the cell.

★This receptor consists of an alpha-subunit, which binds the hormone, and a beta-subunit, which is an insulin-stimulated, tyrosine-specific protein kinase.

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Answer 2

Mechanism of maturation of pro insulin and its advantages​

Explanation:

• Proinsulin involves of three fields: an amino-terminal B chain, a carboxy-terminal A chain and a involving peptide in the middle identified as the C peptide. Within the endoplasmic reticulum, proinsulin is unprotected to numerous precise endopeptidases which excise the C peptide, thereby producing the mature form of insulin. Insulin and free C peptide are packaged in the Golgi into secretory granules which accumulate in the cytoplasm.  
• When the beta cell is appropriately encouraged, insulin is concealed from the cell by exocytosis and diffuses into islet capillary blood. C peptide is also secreted into blood, but has no known biological activity.
• Advantages of Pro insulin: C-peptide has been shown to prevent vascular dysfunction in diabetic rats, and to reduce proliferation of smooth muscle cells exposed to high glucose, a reduction that may suppress diabetes-induced atherosclerosis.

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