Question

write the names of layers of atmosphere there component and Composition of components??​

Answer 1

Answer:

Earth's atmosphere is divided into five main layers: the exosphere, the thermosphere, the mesosphere, the stratosphere and the troposphere. The atmosphere thins out in each higher layer until the gases dissipate in space.

Answer 2

✯STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE:-

The temperature within the atmosphere changes with increase in height above Earth's surface. Based on temperature, variations and density. They are five Layers from above the Earth's surface. -Troposphere, Stratosphere, mesosphere, Thermosphere and exosphere.

■Troposphere:-

• The layer is the closest to the earth is called troposphere. The layer has a mixture of various gases in different proportions.

• The layer extends from the Earth's surface up to height of 8 km above the poles and 18 km above the equator.

• This is the densest layer of the atmosphere and contains gases,dust particles, water vapour,etc.

• The troposphere is heated by the radiation from the Earth's surface called terrestrial radiation. It is the lowest part of the troposphere is the warmest. The temperature decreases with the increase in alatitude this is called normal lapse rate.

• Pressure also drops as one moves higher up in the troposphere.

• All the weather phenomenon such as clouds,fog, rainfall, snowfall and so on occurs in this layer.

• The boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere is called tropopause.

■Stratosphere:-

• Just above the troposphere lies the stratosphere. This layer extends from tropopause to about 50 km above the Earth's surface.

• Since this layer is free from all types of weather phenomena, Convection currents are absent here making it an ideal layer for flying aircrafts.

• In the lower part of stratosphere, up to an altitude of 20 km, the temperature remains fairly constant. In the upper part, the temperature increases due to increased absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer.

• The boundary between the stratosphere and mesosphere is called stratopause.

■Mesosphere:-

• The mesosphere lies above the stratosphere and extends from the stratopause up to an altitude of about 80 km from the Earth's surface.

• The temperature decreases with the increase in height in this layer, and reaches around -100°C at the mesosphere, The mesopause is the coldest place on Earth.

• Due to the cold temperature of the mesosphere, water vapour present in this layer is frozen, Forming ice clouds or noctilucent clouds.

• Most meteors burn up in this layer of the atmosphere.

■Thermosphere:-

• Thermosphere lies above the the mesosphere and below the exosphere.

• This layer extends from the mesopause to over 600 km above the Earth's surface.

• This layer contains the maximum concentration of electrically charged particles called ions. These ions reflect radio waves back to earth's surface and enable wireless communication. Thus, this layer is also called the inosphere.

• Between the Thermosphere and the exosphere lies the thermopause, the upper boundary of this layer.

■Exosphere:-

• The exosphere lies above the Thermosphere.

• It is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium.

• This layer is extremely rarefied and atoms and molecules escape into space in this region.

• It extends from the thermopause to about 10,000 km and gradually merges into space.

• There is no definite boundary between the atmosphere and the outer space.

✯Composition of the Atmosphere:-

• The atmosphere is mixture of elements such as gases,water vapour,dust particles, pollen grains,salts, smoke volcanic ash, and so on.

• Pure air contains nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and argon (0.93%), and many trace gases including water vapour, carbon dioxide (0.03%), ozone, helium, Hydrogen, etc.

◉LET'S EXPLORE MORE

✯Atmosphere:-

• The blanket of air surrounds the Earth is called The Atmosphere.

• The outermost layer of the atmosphere extends from 10,000 km above the Earth.

• Above 99 percent of the total atmospheric mass is found within 32 km above the Earth.

• The density of the atmosphere is the highest near the Earth's surface due to force of gravity.

✯Significance of Atmosphere:-

• The atmosphere contains life giving oxygen, which is vital for the survival of life.

• It has large amounts of nitrogen. Nitrogen compounds are needed by both plants and animals including humans for growth.

• Like carbon dioxide, water vapour in the atmosphere also helps keep the Earth warm. Apart from this, Water vapour sustains life through the hydrological cycle.