Question

write the necessary arrangements for the process of electrolysis​

Answer 1

Answer:

Specially-designed devices called electrolytic cells are used to perform electrolysis. An electrolytic cell contains two electrodes and a solution with dissolved ions called electrolytes. You also need a source of electrical energy, like a battery.

Electrolysis won't happen spontaneously and always requires electricity. When the electrodes are connected to a battery (or another source of electrical energy), one becomes positively charged and one becomes negatively charged. These charged electrodes can then react with the ions in the electrolyte.

An electrolytic cell like this is used to perform electrolysis. It always contains two electrodes (a cathode and anode) and an electrolyte solution.

electrolytic cell

The type of chemical reaction that occurs in an electrolytic cell is called an oxidation-reduction reaction. The negatively charged electrode, known as a cathode, reduces positive ions by adding electrons to them, creating neutral atoms. At the same time, the positively charged electrode, known as an anode, oxidizes negative ions to produce more free electrons. These two half-reactions generate new chemicals and also complete the circuit with the battery to keep current flowing through the cell.

Oxidation half of the reaction: X- → X + e-

Reduction half of the reaction: Y+ + e- → Y

Answer 2

Explanation:

This chapter provides a broad introduction to electrolysis and the use of electrolysers, using electricity via various routes to produce hydrogen. Increased hydrogen supplies using cleaner methods are seen as essential for potential hydrogen-based power for transportation and renewable energy conversion into fuel. Issues related to the use of hydrogen as an energy vector are discussed, including its generation and storage and distribution. A brief treatment of electrolysis cells for hydrogen production is included and put into context with other methods, both old, new and under development. This includes methods that use renewable energy, solar energy via photo-electrochemical cells and thermal, gasification and biological processes.

1.1 Introduction

An electrochemical cell involves the transfer of charge, by the movement of ions in a liquid or solid phase and the movement of electrons in a solid phase, through which electrochemical transformation of species can be achieved. An electrochemical cell is formed by placing two conducting materials (conductors or semiconductors), referred to as electrodes, into an ionically conducting electrolyte and electronically connecting them. In the cell, two sets of reactions take place at the separate electrodes, oxidations at the anode and reductions at the cathode, both of which are linked by the flow of current (Figure 1.1). This current flows in the form of electrons in the electrodes and as ions in the electrolyte, separating the electrodes.