write the properties of hormones
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General characteristics of hormones are as follows:
Hormones are secreted by endocrine cells.
Hormones are chemical messengers.
The are chemical signals that circulate in the body fluids.
The hormones regulate the behavior of the target cells.
Hormones, unlike enzymes do not catalyze any reaction.
Hormones are secreted by endocrine cells.
Hormones are chemical messengers.
The are chemical signals that circulate in the body fluids.
The hormones regulate the behavior of the target cells.
Hormones, unlike enzymes do not catalyze any reaction.
Answered by
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Properties of Hormones:
1. Hormones are produced by a specialized glands and are secreted directly into the blood stream.
2. Hormones are transported by the blood stream from the endocrine cells to serve as ‘chemical messenger’ which act on target cells or organs by regulating the rates of specific metabolic reactions.
3. Hormones exert their effects not where they are locally produced, but on other tissues of the body.
4. Hormones are required in very small amounts and their effect may be excitatory or inhibitory depending upon their concentration and the physiological state of the responding tissue.
5. Hormones belong to different types of chemical structure. They may be steroids, proteins, peptides or amino acid derivatives.
Chemical Nature of Hormones:
All the hormones are organic substances of varying structural complexity. Chemically, they may belong to any of the following categories.
(a) Steroid Hormones:
The hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, testes, ovaries and placenta are composed of steroids e.g., cortisone, aldosterone, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone.
(b) Proteinous Hormones:
e.g., somatotrophic, thyrotrophic and gonadotrophic hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of pituitary gland and insulin hormone secreted by pancreas.
(c) Catecholamine:
e.g., adrenaline and noradrenaline secreted by the adrenal medulla.
(d) Amino acid derivative:
e.g., thyroxine hormone secreted by the thyroid gland
1. Hormones are produced by a specialized glands and are secreted directly into the blood stream.
2. Hormones are transported by the blood stream from the endocrine cells to serve as ‘chemical messenger’ which act on target cells or organs by regulating the rates of specific metabolic reactions.
3. Hormones exert their effects not where they are locally produced, but on other tissues of the body.
4. Hormones are required in very small amounts and their effect may be excitatory or inhibitory depending upon their concentration and the physiological state of the responding tissue.
5. Hormones belong to different types of chemical structure. They may be steroids, proteins, peptides or amino acid derivatives.
Chemical Nature of Hormones:
All the hormones are organic substances of varying structural complexity. Chemically, they may belong to any of the following categories.
(a) Steroid Hormones:
The hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, testes, ovaries and placenta are composed of steroids e.g., cortisone, aldosterone, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone.
(b) Proteinous Hormones:
e.g., somatotrophic, thyrotrophic and gonadotrophic hormones secreted by the anterior lobe of pituitary gland and insulin hormone secreted by pancreas.
(c) Catecholamine:
e.g., adrenaline and noradrenaline secreted by the adrenal medulla.
(d) Amino acid derivative:
e.g., thyroxine hormone secreted by the thyroid gland
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