write the short note of Rajasthan desert
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The Rajasthan desert or the Thar is another expanse of the Pleistocene and Recent deposits. While most of its sand is of Aeolian origin, a part of it is also obtained through the disintegration of the crystalline rocks there. Some sand and salt particles are also brought by the pre veiling south-west monsoon winds from the Rank of Kachchh.
The sand is deposited as vast sheets or as mounds called sand dunes. The sand largely consists of quartz with grains of feldspar and hornblende. The sand particles are uniformly rounded by attrition (V.C. Misra, 1968, p. 247). There is but little rainfall in Rajasthan-the mean annual fall being not more than 12 cm-and consequently no water-action to carry off the detritus to the sea, and hence it has gone on accumulating year after year.
The Rajasthan desert is of recent origin. There is evidence that the region north of the Kachchh and south of the Punjab was a fertile and forested tract housing flourishing cities, even so late as the time of invasion by Alexander the Great (323 B.C.). The growing aridity accompanied with excessive loss of vegetation promoted the growth of the desert. The desert is gradually encroaching upon the fertile agricultural lands of the north and the east which calls for effective counter measures to check its advancement
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