write the social and economic effects of cyclones ( collect information from internet)
Answers
Answer:
Tropical cyclones (TCs) were the costliest natural disasters in the world during the period 2000-2017; they led to estimated losses of 946 billion US dollars (USD) and were responsible for one-third of all natural hazard-induced damage (Munich 2018). Based on the well-established concept that TC risk is a function of three distinct determinants-hazards, exposure and vulnerability (IPCC 2014, Noy 2016), many studies have been conducted to examine the role that these three factors play in TC risk assessment (Schiermeier 2005, Mendelsohn et al 2012, Peduzzi et al 2012, Gettelman et al 2018, Nam et al 2018, Yonson et al 2018. ...
... Research on the vulnerability of specific exposure to TCs still lacks consistency of metrics and measurement techniques (Noy 2016); nevertheless, most researchers agree that vulnerability can be measured using income, population density, GDP per capita or poverty, physical environments and broad variables related to adaptive capacity (Mendelsohn et al 2012, Peduzzi et al 2012, Fricker et al 2017, Wu et al 2018b. ...
... Recent studies have reviewed how the compounding effects of changes in the climate, socioeconomic growth and vulnerability will impact TC risk (Noy 2016). Variables indicating hazards, exposure and vulnerability as described above have been partially applied to the development of regression models (Fricker et al 2017, Elsner et al 2018, Wu et al 2019a and to project the future losses of TCs under various climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios (Geiger et al 2016, Gettelman et al 2018, Wen et al 2019. ...
Explanation:
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The social and economic effects of cyclones are as follows:
- Cyclones can lead to huge damage to property and natural resources. It can adversely affect the social and economic conditions of a nation.
- The destruction of the properties of the people and the homelessness of the people can be destructive to the social conditions of the nation. The lives of many people are subjected to danger, and there can be prolonged suffering.
- Cyclones can also lead to diseases and deaths, which will affect the social growth and development of a nation.
- Compensation for the victims of cyclones is a huge responsibility of the government and acts as a huge burden on the economy of the nation.
- Reconstruction of the cyclone-affected places also leads to governmental expenditures and can pose an economic burden.
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