Question

Write three observations and one drawback of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. Draw a neat
and labeled diagram.​

Answer 1

Answer:

The observations made by Rutherford led him to conclude that:

1 A major fraction of the α-particles bombarded towards the gold sheet passed through it without any deflection, and hence most of the space in an atom is empty.

2 Some of the α-particles were deflected by the gold sheet by very small angles, and hence the positive charge in an atom is not uniformly distributed. The positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small volume.

3 Very few of the α-particles were deflected back, that is only a few α-particles had nearly 180o angle of deflection. So the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.

Drawback:

Rutherford model was not in accordance with Maxwell’s theory and could not explain the stability of an atom.

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