Writegeneration of different types of programming language with their diagram and advantages and disadvantages
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Different kinds of languages have been developed to perform different types of work on the computer. Basically, languages can be divided into two categories according to how the computer understands them.
Two Basic Types of Computer Language
Low-Level Languages: A language that corresponds directly to a specific machine
High-Level Languages: Any language that is independent of the machine
There are also other types of languages, which include
System languages: These are designed for low-level tasks, like memory and process management
Scripting languages: These tend to be high-level and very powerful
Domain-specific languages: These are only used in very specific contexts
Visual languages: Languages that are not text-based
Esoteric languages: Languages that are jokes or are not intended for serious use
These languages are not mutually exclusive, and some languages can belong to multiple categories. The terms low-level and high-level are also open to interpretation, and some languages that were once considered high-level are now considered low-level as languages have continued to develop
Low-Level Languages
Low-level computer languages are either machine codes or are very close them. A computer cannot understand instructions given to it in high-level languages or in English. It can only understand and execute instructions given in the form of machine language i.e. binary. There are two types of low-level languages:
Machine Language: a language that is directly interpreted into the hardware
Assembly Language: a slightly more user-friendly language that directly corresponds to machine language
Machine Language
Machine language is the lowest and most elementary level of programming language and was the first type of programming language to be developed. Machine language is basically the only language that a computer can understand and it is usually written in hex.
In fact, a manufacturer designs a computer to obey just one language, its machine code, which is represented inside the computer by a string of binary digits (bits) 0 and 1. The symbol 0 stands for the absence of an electric pulse and the 1 stands for the presence of an electric pulse. Since a computer is capable of recognizing electric signals, it understands machine language.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Machine language makes fast and efficient use of the computer.
All operation codes have to be remembered
It requires no translator to translate the code. It is directly understood by the computer.
All memory addresses have to be remembered.
It is hard to amend or find errors in a program written in the machine language.
Assembly Language
Assembly language was developed to overcome some of the many inconveniences of machine language. This is another low-level but very important language in which operation codes and operands are given in the form of alphanumeric symbols instead of 0’s and l’s.
These alphanumeric symbols are known as mnemonic codes and can combine in a maximum of five-letter combinations e.g. ADD for addition, SUB for subtraction, START, LABEL etc. Because of this feature, assembly language is also known as ‘Symbolic Programming Language.'
This language is also very difficult and needs a lot of practice to master it because there is only a little English support in this language. Mostly assembly language is used to help in compiler orientations. The instructions of the assembly language are converted to machine codes by a language translator and then they are executed by the computer.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Assembly language is easier to understand and use as compared to machine language.
Like machine language, it is also machine dependent/specific.
It is easy to locate and correct errors.
Since it is machine dependent, the programmer also needs to understand the hardware.
It is easily modified.
High-Level Languages
High-level computer languages use formats that are similar to English. The purpose of developing high-level languages was to enable people to write programs easily, in their own native language environment (English).
High-level languages are basically symbolic languages that use English words and/or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes. Each instruction in the high-level language is translated into many machine language instructions that the computer can understand
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Different kinds of languages have been developed to perform different types of work on the computer. Basically, languages can be divided into two categories according to how the computer understands them.
Two Basic Types of Computer Language
Low-Level Languages: A language that corresponds directly to a specific machine
High-Level Languages: Any language that is independent of the machine
There are also other types of languages, which include
System languages: These are designed for low-level tasks, like memory and process management
Scripting languages: These tend to be high-level and very powerful
Domain-specific languages: These are only used in very specific contexts
Visual languages: Languages that are not text-based
Esoteric languages: Languages that are jokes or are not intended for serious use
These languages are not mutually exclusive, and some languages can belong to multiple categories. The terms low-level and high-level are also open to interpretation, and some languages that were once considered high-level are now considered low-level as languages have continued to develop
Low-Level Languages
Low-level computer languages are either machine codes or are very close them. A computer cannot understand instructions given to it in high-level languages or in English. It can only understand and execute instructions given in the form of machine language i.e. binary. There are two types of low-level languages:
Machine Language: a language that is directly interpreted into the hardware
Assembly Language: a slightly more user-friendly language that directly corresponds to machine language
Machine Language
Machine language is the lowest and most elementary level of programming language and was the first type of programming language to be developed. Machine language is basically the only language that a computer can understand and it is usually written in hex.
In fact, a manufacturer designs a computer to obey just one language, its machine code, which is represented inside the computer by a string of binary digits (bits) 0 and 1. The symbol 0 stands for the absence of an electric pulse and the 1 stands for the presence of an electric pulse. Since a computer is capable of recognizing electric signals, it understands machine language.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Machine language makes fast and efficient use of the computer.
All operation codes have to be remembered
It requires no translator to translate the code. It is directly understood by the computer.
All memory addresses have to be remembered.
It is hard to amend or find errors in a program written in the machine language.
Assembly Language
Assembly language was developed to overcome some of the many inconveniences of machine language. This is another low-level but very important language in which operation codes and operands are given in the form of alphanumeric symbols instead of 0’s and l’s.
These alphanumeric symbols are known as mnemonic codes and can combine in a maximum of five-letter combinations e.g. ADD for addition, SUB for subtraction, START, LABEL etc. Because of this feature, assembly language is also known as ‘Symbolic Programming Language.'
This language is also very difficult and needs a lot of practice to master it because there is only a little English support in this language. Mostly assembly language is used to help in compiler orientations. The instructions of the assembly language are converted to machine codes by a language translator and then they are executed by the computer.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Assembly language is easier to understand and use as compared to machine language.
Like machine language, it is also machine dependent/specific.
It is easy to locate and correct errors.
Since it is machine dependent, the programmer also needs to understand the hardware.
It is easily modified.
High-Level Languages
High-level computer languages use formats that are similar to English. The purpose of developing high-level languages was to enable people to write programs easily, in their own native language environment (English).
High-level languages are basically symbolic languages that use English words and/or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes. Each instruction in the high-level language is translated into many machine language instructions that the computer can understand
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