You are entrusted to conduct election in a Lok Sabha constitution. You have to perform following task for this .Arrange these tasks in sequence
• Declaration of election
• Preparation of voters list
• Election campaign
• Polling
• Scrutiny of nominations
• Counting of votes
• Re - polling
• Declaration of results
• Withdrawal of nominations
• Declaration of nominations
Answers
Answer:
SYSTEM OF ELECTION
Elections to the Lok Sabha and each Vidhan Sabha are carried out using a first-past-the-post electoral system. For each constituency, the electors can cast their vote for a single candidate (of their choice), the winner being the candidate who gets the most votes.
PARLIAMENT
The Parliament of the Union consists of the President, the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (The Council of States).
RAJYA SABHA - THE COUNCIL OF STATES
The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected indirectly, rather than by the citizens at large. Rajya Sabha members are elected by each state Vidhan Sabha using the single transferable vote system. Unlike most federal systems, the number of members returned by each state is roughly in proportion to their population. At present, there are 233 members of the Rajya Sabha elected by the Vidhan Sabhas, and there are also twelve members nominated by the President from amongst eminent personalities in the field of literature, science, art and social services. Rajya Sabha members can serve for six years, and elections are staggered, with one third of the council being elected every 2 years.
LOK SABHA - HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE
The President of India is the head of the state appoints the Prime Minister, to had the council of Ministers, which runs the government, according to the political composition of the Lok Sabha. Although the government is headed by a Prime Minister, the Cabinet is the central decision making body of the government. Members of more than one party can make up a government, and although the governing parties may be a minority in Lok Sabha, they can only govern as long as they have the confidence of a majority of MPs, the members of the Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha is the main legislative body, along with the Rajya Sabha. The members of Lok Sabha elected directly by the adult citizens of India from single member territorial Parliamentary Constituencies under the first past,- the – posts’ system. At present there are 543 direct elected members of Lok Sabha apart from two members nominated by the President to represent Anglo Indian Community.
STATE LEGISLATURES
India is a federal country, and the Constitution gives the States and Union Territories significant control over their own government. The Vidhan Sabhas (legislative assemblies) are directly elected bodies set up to carry out the administration of the government in the 29 states of India. In some states, there is a bicameral organisation of legislatures, with both an Upper and Lower House. Two of the seven Union Territories viz., the National Capital Territory of Delhi and Pondicherry, have also legislative assemblies. The assemblies range in size, according to population. The largest Vidhan Sabha is for Uttar Pradesh, with 403 members; the smallest for Puducherry, with 30 members. Elections to the Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of the Parliament, Vidhan Pahshads, Upper Houses of the State Legislatures (existing only in a few states) and offices of the President and Vice-President are, however, conducted on the basis of proportional representation through a single transferable vote system.
PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT
The President is elected by the elected members of the Vidhan Sabhas, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha and serves for a period of 5 years. A formula, linked to the population of state, determines the value of vote for each elected member of Parliament- both of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha and is determined by a formula linked to the total value of votes of all the members of all the legislative assemblies. If no candidate receives a majority of votes, there is a system by which losing candidates are eliminated from the contest and votes for them transferred to other candidates, until one gains a majority. The Vice-President is elected by a direct vote of all members, elected and nominated, of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. A successful candidate for the office of the President or the Vice-President is eligible for re-election.