You have studied in class 6th that food consists of many components. Try to recall and list them below:
Answers
Answer:
food consists many components they're: protiens , vitamins , minerals , fats , carbohydrates , and dietary fibres .
Answer:
- Nutrition is defined as a process in which organisms obtain or make substances essential for their growth, tissue repair and to meet their energy requirements.
The essential substances are called nutrients or foods. The nutrients include organic substances like proteins, fats and carbohydrates and also inorganic substances like minerals and water.
Explanation:
- All living organisms require food or nourishment to survive. From their food, they derive energy to carry on their metabolic activities and to continue their growth and tissue repair processes.
- Food components consist of carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, water, minerals, vitamins and roughage.
- Carbohydrates, proteins and fats form the major part of the food. They are digested in the alimentary canal and the digested part is absorbed by the blood to be supplied to the tissues.
- Water, minerals and vitamins have small molecules and are absorbed without any change.
1. Carbohydrates:
(1) The carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:1.
(ii) These are the main source of energy.
(iii) The major sources of carbohydrates in our diet are sugar, jam, cereals, bread, biscuits, potatoes, fruits and vegetables etc.
2. Proteins:
(i) Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. (Sulphur is also present in some proteins.)
(ii) Proteins are formed of amino acid units.
(iii) Amino acids are classified into two categories: essential and non-essential amino acids. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized in the body and
3. Fats:
(i) Fats are energy-giving food that is formed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. When digested they give rise to fatty acids and glycerol.
(ii) Fats which are in the liquid state at room temperature (20°C) are called oils.
(iii) Fats are energy giving food.
(iv) Fats are divided into two groups: animal fat and vegetable fat.
The sources of animal fats are milk, cheese, butter, eggs, meat and oily fish. Vegetable fats are found in mustard seed, ground nut, coconut, linseed and dry fruits.
4. Minerals:
(i) Minerals constitute the chief building materials of bones and teeth. They form about 4% of our body weight. Over a dozen elements are known to be essential as mineral salts in the diet.
(ii) These include Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Chlorine, Copper, Chromium, Manganese, Cobalt, zinc, iron, iodide, molybdenum and selenium.
5. Water:
(i) Water is the physical basis of life. Water is an inorganic compound. It forms about 70% to 90% of the protoplasm and 45% to 80% part of the whole body.
(ii) Water is vital for the maintenance of life.
6. Vitamins:
(i) Vitamins are organic substances essential for the normal functioning of the animal body. Since they cannot be synthesized by the organism (except vitamin D), they are to be supplied in minute amounts in food.
(ii) They do not provide energy but act as co-enzymes or precursors of co-enzymes. Since they catalyze many important metabolic reactions of the body, they are popularly called as "biological catalysts".
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