1. Environmental pollution refers to the introduction of harmful pollutants into the environment.
The major types of environmental pollution are air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution.
thermal pollution, soil pollution and light pollution.
2. Deforestation and hazardous gaseous emission also lead to environmental pollution. During the
last 10 years, the world has witnessed severe rise in environmental pollution. We all live on planet
earth, which is the only planet known to have an environment, where air and water are two basic
things that sustain life.
3. Without air and water, the earth would be like the other planets — no man, no animals, no
plants. The biosphere in which living beings have their sustenance has oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, argon and water vapor. All these are well balanced to ensure and help a healthy growth
of life in the animal world. This balance not only helps the life cycles of animals and plants, but
also creates the perennial sources of minerals and energies without which the human civilization
oftoday could not be built.
4. The industries all over the world that brought prosperity and affluence, made inroads in the
biosphere and disturbed the ecological balances. The pall of smoke, the swirling gases, industrial
effluents and the fall-out of scientific experiments became constant health hazards, polluting and
contaminating both air and water. The improper disposal of industrial wastes are the sources of
soil and water pollution.
5. The smoke emitted by vehicles using petrol, diesel or the cooking coal also pollutes the
environment. The harmful smoke of these vehicles causes air pollution. Further, the sounds
produced by these vehicles cause noise pollution.The urbanization and the rapid growth of
industrialization are causing the greatest harm to the plant life through environmental pollution,which in turn causes harm to the animal kingdom and the human lives. Due to the increase in
population, particularly in developing countries, there has been surge in demand for basic food,
occupation, and shelter. The world has witnessed massive deforestation to absorb the growing
population and their demands.
6. There surely cannot be any radical solution, for the existing factories cannot be bodily lifted to
a place far from the populated zone. However, the following attempts can be made to solve the
problem of environmental pollution. The Government can at least see that future factories are set
up at a distant place, an industrial complex far away from the township. Researchers may find out
how to avoid harmful smoke from running vehicles. Deforestation should be stopped. Discharge
of factory wastes in rivers should be banned to make the river waterfree from pollution. We can
very well notice the abnormal behaviour of the seasons - the cycle developing clogs in its wheels;
and the worried experts fear that the disturbed balance in the biosphere has assumed such serious
proportion that very soon our world would be uninhabitable like Hiroshima of 1945. But it is
heartening to find the entire world is aware of the menace. Someof the advanced countries have
already taken some measures to meet it. If we fail to restore the ecological balance right now, it
will be too late tomorrow.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY TEN questions from the twelve
that follow: (1x 10= 10)
1. The industries have become successful by:
a) poor ecological balance
b) encroaching the environment
c) disposing wastes
d) doing scientific experiments
2. The atmosphere of the earth which has Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide, argon and water
vapors is called:
a) photosphere
b) biosphere
c) ozone
d) space
3. The population overgrowth results an increase in —
a) demand for basic food, occupation, and shelter
b) demand for basic food only
c) demand for shelter only
d) demand for new industries
4. Deforestation can be controlled:
a) by launching new industries
b) by cutting more and more trees
c) by purchasing new vehicles
(d) by planting new plants and by not cutting trees
5. Deforestation leads to:
a) healthy and safe environment
b) emission of healthy gases
c) more rains and improved water cycle
d) environment pollution and ecological imbalance
Answers
Answer:
1) - B), 2) - B), 3) - A), 4) - D), 5) - D) .
Answer:
1. The industries have become successful by encroaching the environment
2. The atmosphere of the earth which has Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide, argon and water vapors is called biosphere
3. The population overgrowth results an increase in demand for basic food, occupation, and shelter.
4. Deforestation can be controlled by planting new plants and by not cutting trees
5. Deforestation leads to environment pollution and ecological imbalance
Explanation:
Environmental pollution is the unwarranted discharge of mass or energy into the earth's natural resource pool, such as water, land, or air, which causes long- or short-term harm to the atmosphere and its ecological health, negatively impacting living beings and their lives both quantitatively and qualitatively. Environmental pollution is defined as the contamination of the earth's living and nonliving physical and biological constituents in such a way and to such an extent that it interferes with the normal optimum environmental processes. Pollutants can cause either primary or secondary damage, with the primary damage being quantifiable and the impact being monitored. Secondary damage, on the other hand, occurs as a minor disruption in the delicately balanced biological food web pyramid balance and can be fatal.
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