1. lonie bond . Let us first see how the compound sodium chloride is formed from the atoms of the constituent elements sodium and chlorine. For this purpose let us see the electronic configuration of sodium and chlorine. Na 2.8.1 ,,CI 2,8.7 Cl We have seen the correlation that the valency of sodium is one as it has one electron in its valence shell and the valency of chlorine is one as its valence shell is short of one electron to have a complete octet. On loss of a valence electron from 'M'shell, the penultimate shell 'L' of sodium atom L becomes outermost shell. It has eight electrons in it. Effectively, sodium attains an electron octet state. However, the electron number, becomes 10. Hence the positive charge +11 on the sodium nucleus is imbalanced and a Na cation, carrying net positive charge +1 is formed. On the other hand valence shell of chlorine atom contains an electron less to the octet state. On accepting an electron from outside, octet of chlorine is completed. However the charge balance is disturbed due to additon of an electron to the neutral chlorine atom. This results in the formation of an anion CI". carrying a net negative charge - 1.
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How is sodium chloride ionic bond formed?
Image result for 1. ionic bond . Let us first see how the compound sodium chloride is formed from the atoms of the constituent elements sodium and chlorine. For this purpose let us see the electronic configuration of sodium and chlorine. Na 2.8.1 ,,CI 2,8.7 Cl We have seen the correlation that the valency of sodium is one as it has one electron in its valence shell and the valency of chlorine is one as its valence shell is short of one electron to have a complete octet. On loss of a valence electron from 'M Shell, the penultimate shell 'L' of sodium atom L becomes outermost shell. It has eight electrons in it. Effectively, sodium attains an electron octet state. However, the electron number, becomes 10. Hence the positive charge +11 on the sodium nucleus is imbalanced and a Na cation, carrying net positive charge +1 is formed. On the other hand valence shell of chlorine atom contains an electron less to the octet state. On accepting an electron from outside, octet of chlorine is completed. However the charge balance is disturbed due to addition of an electron to the neutral chlorine atom. This results in the formation of an anion CI". carrying a net negative charge - 1.
For example, common table salt is sodium chloride. When sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are combined, the sodium atoms each lose an electron, forming cations (Na+), and the chlorine atoms each gain an electron to form anions (Cl−). These ions are then attracted to each other in a 1:1 ratio to form sodium chloride (NaCl).
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