11) Discuss the causes of French Revolution. (5)
Answers
i) social cause :- French society had several inequalities. clergy and nobles lead the luxurious life and enjoyed the most of privileges .bon the other hand the peasants and worker lead a very hard life . all the taxes were paid by them
ii) political cause :-Louis XVI and his wife was spending money wastefully .his nobles were also corrupt.
iii) economic cause
iv) immediate cause :- thethe monarch didn't have the power to impose tax his alone so he called a meeting of estate general the third estate refuse this decision and come out from meeting this led to French revolution.
v)impact of philosophers people were inspired by many philosophers.
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Answer:
As the 18th century drew to a close, France’s costly involvement in the American Revolution, and extravagant spending by King Louis XVI and his predecessor, had left the country on the brink of bankruptcy.
Not only were the royal coffers depleted, but two decades of poor harvests, drought, cattle disease and skyrocketing bread prices had kindled unrest among peasants and the urban poor. Many expressed their desperation and resentment toward a regime that imposed heavy taxes – yet failed to provide any relief – by rioting, looting and striking.
In the fall of 1786, Louis XVI’s controller general, Charles Alexandre de Calonne, proposed a financial reform package that included a universal land tax from which the privileged classes would no longer be exempt.
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