3. What are the different parts of the cell? Name them and
line about each?
Answers
Answer:
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and contains parts called ... The cell membrane surrounds the contents of the cell and separates it from other cells and the ... Record your name on your model.
Explanation:
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Answer:
What is the structure of cells?
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and contains parts called cellular organelles. Each cellular organelle has a specific function. Some parts of a cell are involved in converting energy from nutrients in the food you eat into a form of energy that the cell can use. Other parts of the cell are involved in storing the genetic information that serves as the blueprint that makes you different from a gorilla or a hummingbird. Still other parts of a cell are responsible for building the proteins that enable the cell to do its many tasks.
The Cell Membrane
Every cell has a thin outer covering called the cell membrane, or plasma membrane. The cell membrane surrounds the contents of the cell and separates it from other cells and the environment. The cell membrane also controls what materials go into and out of the cell. For example, the cell membrane allows nutrients and oxygen to move into the cell, and carbon dioxide and waste materials to move out of the cell.
The cell membrane is made of molecules called proteins and lipids arranged in an orderly manner. You could think of the cell membrane as two sheets or layers of lipid molecules with different kinds of proteins positioned in the sheets. The lipids making up the bilayer membrane are arranged in a special way. Each lipid molecule has a head and a tail.
Figure 2.1 A typical lipid molecule found in the cell membrane.
The head ends of the lipid molecules are attracted by water, and the tail ends are repelled by water. In a watery environment, the lipid tail ends tend to associate with (face) each other. Since the head ends are attracted by water, they face the watery environment, some toward the inside of the membrane and some to the other side of the membrane. In a cell membrane, each lipid layer has its molecules lined up in the same way. The two layers are arranged so the tails of the lipid molecules face each other.
Figure 2.2 Bilayer sheet of lipid molecules, as in a cell membrane.
Figure 2.3 Scouts in two rows of sleeping bags.
A Drawing or Model of a Cell Membrane Draw your own picture or build a model to show the arrangement of lipids in a cell membrane.
Think of a troop of scouts all sleeping in their sleeping bags in a rectangular tent. They want to arrange themselves so no one's feet are in someone else's face. One arrangement would be two rows of sleeping scouts with feet pointing toward each other as shown in Figure 2.3. That arrangement is similar to the composition of the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Did You Know?
A person coming out of the bath carries away a film of water about 1/50 of an inch thick. This water weighs about a pound. A mouse getting out of the same tub carries away water about equal to its own weight. A fly or honey bee coming out of a pool of water carries a film of water that weighs many times more than its own weight.
The organized lipid bilayer allows water and molecules that dissolve in water to come right up to the membrane, but not pass freely through the membrane. Because of the lipid bilayer, water molecules can only pass through protein channels in the membrane. Other molecules that dissolve in water must go through protein channels to move into or out of cells. The lipid bilayer helps control the environment inside a cell, and the proteins of the cell membrane determine which substances can move into and out of a cell through the cell membrane.
Figure 2.4 Movement of water through a protein channel in the cell membrane.