Question

37. What is Cartography?
38. The word map is derived from which language?
39. What is scale?
40. Name any two essential factors of a map.
41. What is Index?
42. Give an Example for large scale map.
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Answer 1

1. ᴄᴀʀᴛᴏɢʀᴀᴩʜy, ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴄɪᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏꜰ ɢʀᴀᴩʜɪᴄᴀʟʟy ʀᴇᴩʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛɪɴɢ ᴀ ɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀᴩʜɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀ, ᴜꜱᴜᴀʟʟy ᴏɴ ᴀ ꜰʟᴀᴛ ꜱᴜʀꜰᴀᴄᴇ ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴀꜱ ᴀ ᴍᴀᴩ ᴏʀ ᴄʜᴀʀᴛ. ɪᴛ ᴍᴀy ɪɴᴠᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩᴇʀɪᴍᴩᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴩᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ, ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀʟ, ᴏʀ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ɴᴏɴɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀᴩʜɪᴄᴀʟ ᴅɪᴠɪꜱɪᴏɴꜱ ᴏɴᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴩʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀᴩʜɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀ.
2. ʟᴀᴛɪɴ ᴍᴀᴩᴩᴀ ᴍᴜɴᴅɪ.
3. ᴀ ᴍᴀᴩ ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ ᴅɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ʀᴀᴛɪᴏ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴄᴏʀʀᴇꜱᴩᴏɴᴅꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴄᴛᴜᴀʟ ɢʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴅɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ. ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ ᴩʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛꜱ ᴀ ᴅɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴍᴇᴀꜱᴜʀᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ʟᴀɴᴅᴍᴀʀᴋ. ᴀꜱ ᴀɴ ᴇxᴀᴍᴩʟᴇ ᴏɴ ᴀ 1: 1000000 ᴄᴍ ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ ꜱʜᴏᴡꜱ ᴛʜᴀᴛ 1 ᴄᴇɴᴛɪᴍᴇᴛᴇʀ ɪꜱ ᴇqᴜᴀʟ ᴛᴏ 1 ᴋɪʟᴏᴍᴇᴛᴇʀ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴏᴜɴᴅ.
4. ᴅᴀᴛᴀ ꜰʀᴀᴍᴇ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴀᴛᴀ ꜰʀᴀᴍᴇ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴩᴏʀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴅɪꜱᴩʟᴀyꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴀᴛᴀ ʟᴀyᴇʀꜱ.
5. ʟᴇɢᴇɴᴅ. ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇɢᴇɴᴅ ꜱᴇʀᴠᴇꜱ ᴀꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴄᴏᴅᴇʀ ꜰᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱyᴍʙᴏʟᴏɢy ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴀᴛᴀ ꜰʀᴀᴍᴇ. ᴛɪᴛʟᴇ. ɴᴏʀᴛʜ ᴀʀʀᴏᴡ. ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ. ᴄɪᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.
6. ᴍᴀᴩ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ꜱʜᴏᴡꜱ (ᴀꜱ ʙy ᴇɴᴄʟᴏꜱɪɴɢ ᴀ ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ɪɴ ᴀ ʀᴇᴄᴛᴀɴɢʟᴇ ᴏɴ ᴀ ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ) ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴏᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴏɴᴇ ᴏʀ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀꜱ ɪɴ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴀ ʟᴀʀɢᴇʀ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛyᴩɪᴄᴀʟʟy ᴩᴏɪɴᴛꜱ ᴜᴩ ꜱᴩᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ꜰᴇᴀᴛᴜʀᴇꜱ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀꜱ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ɪɴꜰᴏʀᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴅᴇꜱɪʀᴇᴅ.

ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ ᴍᴀᴩꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛyᴩɪᴄᴀʟʟy ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ꜱʜᴏᴡ ꜱɪᴛᴇ ᴩʟᴀɴꜱ, ʟᴏᴄᴀʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀꜱ, ɴᴇɪɢʜʙᴏʀʜᴏᴏᴅꜱ, ᴛᴏᴡɴꜱ ᴇᴛᴄ. 1:2,500 ɪꜱ ᴀɴ ᴇxᴀᴍᴩʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ. ᴀ 'ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ' ꜱᴄᴀʟᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ ɪꜱ ᴏɴᴇ ɪɴ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴀ ɢɪᴠᴇɴ ᴩᴀʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀʀᴛʜ ɪꜱ ʀᴇᴩʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛᴇᴅ ʙy ᴀ ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀᴩ.

Answer 2

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• 37 ANS :- Cartography, the art and science of graphically representing a geographical area, usually on a flat surface such as a map or chart. It may involve the superimposition of political, cultural, or other nongeographical divisions onto the representation of a geographical area.

• 38 ANS :- The word "map" comes from the medieval Latin Mappa mundi, wherein mappa meant napkin or cloth and mundi the world. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a two-dimensional representation of the surface of the world.

• 39 ANS:- The scale of a map is the ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground. This simple concept is complicated by the curvature of the Earth's surface, which forces scale to vary across a map. Because of this variation, the concept of scale becomes meaningful in two distinct ways.

• 40 ANS:- Map Essentials

Map EssentialsDirectional reference.

Map EssentialsDirectional reference.Scale.

• 41 ANS:- An index is a method to track the performance of a group of assets in a standardized way. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted index, which means it gives greater weight to stocks in the index with a higher price.

• 42 ANS:- Large scale maps : These maps represent small area of the earth on a large size of paper sheet with greater details. Examples: Cadastral maps, topographical maps. 2. Small scale maps : These maps represent large areas on a small sheet of paper.