A mixture containing 50.0 wt% acetone and 50.0 wt% water is to be separated into two streams— one enriched in acetone, the other in water. The separation process consists of extraction of the acetone from the water into methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), which dissolves acetone but is nearly immiscible with water. The description that follows introduces some of the terms commonly used in reference to liquid extraction processes
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The separation process consists of extraction of the acetone from the water into methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK or M), which has a much higher affinity for acetone than it does for water. The procedure is depicted in diagram form below. M (solvent) M (solvent) Feed Raffinate 1 Raffinate 2 MIXER MIXER 50% A. 50% W Mostly W and A 93.1% W some M and A SETTLER SETTLER Extract 1 Extract 2 Mostly M, some A and W Mostly M and A Am acetone (solute) W water (diluent) M MIBK (solvent) Product: 97% A, 2% M, 1% W Combined extract Most of A in feed, M DISTILLATION COLUMN Recovered solvent Mostly M, some A and W 7 For example, a solvent extraction process was (R. I. Mateles, Ed., Penicillin: A Paradigm for Biotechnology, Candida Corporation, Chicago, IL, 1998.) a key development in the large-scale production of penicillin in the 1940s.
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