Question

A pure substance exists in three phases such as solid(s), liquid (1) and vapour (v). The variat
chemical potential (ll) with temperature (T) is given by the plot
s
(a)
(b)
f
7
(C)
(d)
11​

Answer 1

Answer:

PHASE DIAGRAMS OF PURE SUBSTANCES

This page explains how to interpret the phase diagrams for simple pure substances - including a look at the special cases of the phase diagrams of water and carbon dioxide. This is going to be a long page, because I have tried to do the whole thing as gently as possible.

The basic phase diagram

What is a phase?

At its simplest, a phase can be just another term for solid, liquid or gas. If you have some ice floating in water, you have a solid phase present and a liquid phase. If there is air above the mixture, then that is another phase.

But the term can be used more generally than this. For example, oil floating on water also consists of two phases - in this case, two liquid phases. If the oil and water are contained in a bucket, then the solid bucket is yet another phase. In fact, there might be more than one solid phase if the handle is attached separately to the bucket rather than moulded as a part of the bucket.

You can recognise the presence of the different phases because there is an obvious boundary between them - a boundary between the solid ice and the liquid water, for example, or the boundary between the two liquids.

Phase diagrams

A phase diagram lets you work out exactly what phases are present at any given temperature and pressure. In the cases we'll be looking at on this page, the phases will simply be the solid, liquid or vapour (gas) states of a pure substance.

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