a) What is reactivity series? How does the reactivity series of metals help in predicting the relative activities of various metals? b) Suggest different chemical processes used for obtaining a metal from its oxides for metals in the middle of the reactivity series and metals towards the top of the reactivity series. Support your answer with one example each
Answers
decreasing reactivity is called reactivity series or activity series.
A metal placed above hydrogen in the activity series will displace
hydrogen from water or acids. A metal placed at the top of the
activity series would displace metal below it. Thus a more reactive
metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution.
b)
i) For obtaining metals that are in the middle of the reactivity
series, oxides of such metals can be reduced with coke (carbon)
which acts as a reducing agent.
Example: 2 Fe2O3 + 3 C ---------------------> 4 Fe + 3CO2
ii) For obtaining metals that are high in the reactivity series, their
oxides are reduced to metals by the process of electrolysis
example: electrolysis of sodium chloride
at cathode: Na+ + e- -----> Na
at anode: 2 Cl- ----> Cl2 + 2e-
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Answer:
1 ) .Reactivity series :
It is series of decreasing order of metals' reactivity. Hydrogen is place in middle of series. Above hydrogen metals are more reactive in nature below are less. Metal which is more reactive it displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution.
2 ) .
In order to obtaining a metal from its oxides for metals in the middle of the reactivity series then metals towards oxides of such metals can be reduced with coke (carbon) which acts as a reducing agent.
For instance :
2 Fe₂O₃ + 3 C ⇒ 4 Fe + 3 CO₂.
In order to obtaining a metal from its oxides for metals in the high of the reactivity series their oxides are reduced to metals by the process of electrolysis
For instance :
Electrolysis of sodium chloride :
Na⁺ + e⁻ ⇒ Na [ At cathode ]
2 Cl⁻ ⇒ Cl₂ + 2 e⁻ [ At anode ]