Question

(a) What is shifting cultivation?
(b)What is its local name in Central America, Africa and India?
(c) Why was this practice banned by European foresters?

Answer 1

(a) In shifting cultivation, parts of the forest are cut and burnt in rotation.
(b) It has many local names such as lading in southeast Asia, milpa in central America, chitmene or tavy in Africa, and chena in Sri Lanka .In India, dhya,bewar,jhum,and kumri.

(c) European foresters regarded this practice as harmful for the forest .They felt that land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway Timber .When a forest was burnt there was the added danger of the Flames spreading and burning valuable Timber .Shifting cultivation also made it harder for the government to calculate taxes.Therefore, the government decided to ban shifting cultivation .
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Answer 2

Shifting cultivation:-
In shifting cultivation parts of the forests are cut and burnt in rotation
•It is known as milpa in Central America,tavy in Africa and dhya,penda, Kumri etc in India
•The Europeans considered this practice as harmful because :-
a)trees cannot be grown in cultivated soil
b)risk of spreading of flames to valuable timber
c)it made difficulty for the government to calculate taxes