Question

Answer the following questions in about 30 words. (i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words. (a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals (b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. (ii) What is a mineral? (iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks? (iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Answer 1

Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
Answer: Metallic minerals which contain iron are called ferrous minerals, e.g. iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc. On the other hand, metallic minerals which do not contain iron are called non-ferrous minerals, e.g. copper, bauxite, tin, etc.
Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
Answer: Sources of energy which have been in use since a long time are called conventional sources of energy, e.g. coal, firewood, petroleum, hydel energy, etc. Sources of energy which have come into use recently are called non-conventional sources of energy, e.g. solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, etc.
What is a mineral?
Answer: A homogenous, naturally occurring substance with definable internal structure is called mineral.
How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer: In igneous and metamorphic rocks: The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger occurrences are called lodes. They are usually formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upwards through cavities towards the earth’s surface. Examples: tin, copper, zinc, lead, etc.
Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?
Answer: It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. Hence, mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. Due to this, it is important that we conserve the mineral resources.

Answer 2

Answer:

Ferrous and non-ferrous metals vary from one another in that ferrous metals include iron whereas non-ferrous metals do not.

Explanation:

• These fundamental distinctions provide the two types of metals unique qualities that enhance their own physical characteristics and specify the applications for which they are best suitable.

• Natural gas, coal, and petroleum are a few examples of traditional energy sources. Examples of non-conventional energy sources include solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, and others.

• Inorganic solids that develop in nature and have a recognised chemical composition and organised atomic structure are known as minerals.

• After cooling and solidifying, molten lava turns into igneous rocks. When sediment settles out of any erosive agent, such as water, air, or mineral precipitation, sedimentary rocks are created.

• Because the geological process of mineral creation is rather slow, the rate of replenishment is infinitesimally small while the rate of consumption is fairly significant, mineral resources should be preserved.

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