Answer the following questions in brief.
What is nutrition?
Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
3 what are the raw materials required for photosynthesis and from where are they
obtained
4 Why should we destarch a leaf before conducting an experiment to show that light
is necessary for photosynthesis?
5. How are partial parasitic plants different from other parasitic plants?
6. What are saprophytes? Give an example.
7. cuscuta plants cannot perform photosynthesis. How do they obtain their nutrition?
8. Deep in the ocean, sunlight can hardly reach, yet plants such as brown and red
algae are found here. How do you think they are able to synthesise their food?
( 9. Can plants use an artificial source of light (for example, tube light) for preparing
food
Answers
Answer:
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Answer:
Question 1:
Why do organisms need to take food?
Answer:
All organisms need to take food to get energy for the growth, development, locomotion and maintenance of their bodies.
Question 2: Distinguish between a parasite and a saprotroph.
Answer:
Difference between a parasite and a saprotroph
s.No
Parasite
Saprotroph
1.
Organisms derive nutrition from the body of other living organisms (host) are parasites.
Plants which derive nutrition from dead and decaying organisms are called saprotrophs.
2.
Example: Cuscata
Example: Mushrooms
Question 3: How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?
Answer:
Take a potted plant with variegated leaves – for example, money plant or crotons.
Keep the plant in a dark room for three days so that all the starch gets used up.
Now select a leaf cover its portion with a black strip paper and keep the plant in sunlight for about six hours. Pluck the leaf from the plant. Mark the uncovered area in it and trace them on a sheet of paper.
Dip the leaf in boiling water for a few minutes.
After this, immerse it in a beaker containing alcohol.
Carefully place the above beaker in a water-bath and heat till the alcohol begins to boil.
Now dip the leaf in a dilute solution of iodine for a few minutes.
Take out the leaf and rinse off the iodine solution.
You observe that the presence of starch in various areas of the leaf which was uncovered.
Question 4:
Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.
Answer:
Leaves are the food factories of plants. The synthesis of food in plants occurs in leaves.
Therefore, all the raw materials (Water, Carbon dioxide and sunlight) must reach there.
Water and minerals are transported to the leaves by the vessels which run like pipes throughout the root, the stem, the branches and the leaves.
The leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll which helps leaves to capture the energy of the sunlight.
This energy is used to synthesise (prepare) food from carbon dioxide and water. This process is termed as ‘Photosynthesis’.
Question 5:
Show with the help of a sketch that the plants are the ultimate source of food.
Answer:
All the living being depends on plants whether directly or indirectly.
For example, the plant eater animals depend directly on plants but carnivore depends indirectly on plants.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as _________________.
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by the pigment called ___________.
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in ______________________ and release __________________.
Answer:
(a) Green plants are called autotrophs since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as starch.
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by the pigment called Chlorophyll.
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Question 7:
Name the following:
(i) A parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem.
(ii) A plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
(iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
Answer:
(i) A parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem – Cuscuta
(ii) A plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition - Pitcher plant, Venus flytrap.
(iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases – Stomata
Question 8:
Tick the correct answer:
(a) Amarbel is an example of: (i) autotroph (ii) parasite (iii) saprotroph (iv) host
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is: (i) Cuscuta (ii) china rose (iv) pitcher plant (iv) rose
Answer:
(a) Amarbel is an example of (ii) parasite.
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is (iv) pitcher plant.
Question 9:
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II:
Column I Column II
Chlorophyll Bacteria
Nitrogen Heterotrophs
Amarbel Pitcher plant
Animals Leaf
Insects Parasite
Answer:
Column I Column II
Chlorophyll Leaf
Nitrogen Bacteria
Amarbel Parasite
Animals Heterotrophs
Insects Pitcher plant
Question 10:
Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(i) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (T/F)
Answer:
(i) Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis. (False)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs. (False)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (True)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. (True)
Question 11: Choose the correct option from the following:
Which part of the plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis? (i) Root hair (ii) Stomata (iii) Leaf veins (iv) Sepals.
Answer: (ii) Stomata.