article on soil degradation and soil erosion with diagram in geography
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Answer:
Explanation:Soil erosion is the washing away of the top layer of the soil by water, plants, animals, air, snow, or humans. It involves the displacement and deposition of the soil in other areas. The top layer is the most fertile and nutrient filled layer of the soils.
Types of Soil Erosion
Erosion By Water
Rain and water wash away the silt, sand and organic matter in the soil.
Raindrops splattering on the surface cause splash erosion, where the fine soils are displaced over a distance of about 2 ft upwards and 5 ft horizontally. This is the least severe of the erosions.
With increased rainfalls, the water washes away fine sand and sediments causing sheet erosion. This happens over a distance and the sediments are normally deposited along river banks and water bodies. This can also lead to rill erosion where small depressions are made on the ground or deeper ones which are referred to as gullies.
Erosion By Wind
This type of erosion occurs in areas of open land with little to no vegetation cover. Strong winds can blow up the fine sand particles over a distance as depends on the wind strength.