Biology: - Write any 5 cell organelles with its characteristics and functions with
diagrams
Answers
Cell Membrane/ Plasma Membrane:
CHARACTERISTICS:
Present in both plant cell and animal cell.
Selectively Permeable: Allows the materials in and out of the cell according to the requirement of the cell.
Made up of bilipid layer and protein (Fluid Mosaic Model)
FUNCTIONS:
Encloses the contents of the cell.
Provides shape: animal cell.
Allows transport: by Diffusion and Osmosis.
Nucleus:
CHARACTERISTICS:
Covered by a double membranous nuclear membrane in a Eukaryotic Cell.
Contains DNA, RNA, Protein, nucleolus, and Chromatin network.
FUNCTIONS:
Controls the activity of the cell.
Starts cell division.
It has the chromosomes or DNA which controls the hereditary characters.
Golgi Bodies
CHARACTERISTICS:
Discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898.
Originates from RER.
Contains Sac like Cisternae and Vesicles.
Has two faces – cis face or receiving face and trans face or supplying face.
FUNCTIONS:
Modification, Packaging, and transport of materials
Synthesis of lysosomes, plasma membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum:
CHARACTERISTICS:
A network of membranes.
RER bears ribosomes and appears rough
SER does not have ribosomes
FUNCTIONS:
Forms the skeletal framework of the cell.
Transport of materials from one cell to other.
Provides a surface for the synthesis of material – Proteins in RER and Lipids in SER.
Formation of lysosomes, Golgi bodies and vacuoles
Membrane Biogenesis
Detoxification of harmful substances in the liver.
Plastids:
CHARACTERISTICS:
Double membrane-bound
Types-
Leucoplast –Colourless plastid;
Chromoplast –Coloured Plastid – blue, red, yellow
Chloroplast – Green plastid
Autonomous self-duplicating body
FUNCTIONS:
Chloroplast – Perform Photosynthesis – Helps in the release of oxygen
Chromoplast – impart colour to flowers which help in pollination
Leucoplast – Storage
Amyloplast –Store starch
Aleuroplast – Store Protein
Elaioplast – Store fat
