Question

Chapter :- The World between the wars 1900 - 1950 (Part-1)

Class :- 10th

Question:- Write about League of Nations (or) How do you say that the failure of league of Nations was one of the cause of the outbreak of of World War - II?​

Answer 1

Answer:

League of Nations:-

• The treaty of Versailles set up the League of Nations to prevent wars in future after world War-I.

• The president of USA, Woodrow Wilson Played an active role for the formation of League.

• However, USA could not become a member as the US Congress refused to sanction the proposal of President.

• Russia and Germany was not invited to become members of League of Nations

• By the year 1934, The league has 58 members only.

• It was hoped that it will help eliminate wars through 'Collective Security' and settle disputes between countries through arbitration or negotiation.

• It also setup several international agencies for conducting welfare activities like health, labour Welfare and also an International Court of justice for legal disputes between Nations.

• Even though it showed a lot of promise and much was expected of it, it failed eventually to prevent Germany and Italy from violating international agreements and attacking other countries.

• Thus, the failure of league of Nations was responsible for the outbreak of World War-II.

Answer 2

• Industrial capitalism has changed the way many people earned their livelihood but only in the western countries.
• Eric Hobsbawm, a renowned British Marxist historian, called the 20th century ‘The Age of Extremes’. Politically the world saw shoots of democratic aspirations grow amidst the rise of Fascist dominations.
• This was also an age of great experiment as people strove to build socialist societies based on the principles of equality and fraternity.
• The ‘Great depression’ causing massive unemployment and economic breakdown.
• The immediate provocation for World War-I was the murder of Ferdinand of Austria by a Serbian on 28th June 1914 and for World War-II war the invasion of Poland by Hitler as a punishment for refusing to handover the port of Danzig to Germany.
• The Treaty of Versailles setup the League of Nations to prevent wars in the future and the United Nations organization (UN) was formed after world war-II.
• The two wars established a regime of lethal arms race, particularly of nuclear and chemical weapons.
• With the process of decolonization after World War-II, the colonies rose to independence and several of new countries were born across Asia and Africa.
• UN is a kind of world government based on four principles, viz, preserve peace, uphold human rights, respect international law and promote social progress.
• After a long struggle for political right like right to vote- British women got these rights in 1913. It was a big step in achieving enfranchisement of women.