Question

Define electroplating. Using a diagram, explain the process of electroplating copper on a carbon rod​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Take copper sulphate solution in a glass through. Dip a carbon rod in the solution. Use it as the cathode, i.e. connect it to the negative terminal of the battery. Take a pure copper strip, dip it in the solution and use it as anode, i.e. connect it to the positive terminal. Pass electricity through the solution by closing the circuit. The positively charged copper ions from the solution will move towards the carbon rod which is acting as the cathode. The copper ions that are positively charged get attracted towards the negative electrode, the carbon rod get deposited on it. But how does the loss of copper from the solution get compensated ? the copper anode releases copper ions into the solution, thus compensating for the loss. Since copper sulphate is an ionic compound, it constitutes ions-

Cu

2+

and SO

4

2−

CuSO

4

⟶Cu

2+

+SO

4

2−

When electricity is passed through the solution, the cations (i.e. positively charged copper ions) move towards the cathode. Here they gain electrons and get deposited as copper metal.

At cathode:

Cu

2+

+2e

−

→Cu

The sulphate ions remain in the solution. Copper at anode loses electrons and goes into the solution as copper ions to replenish the copper ions deposited at cathode.

An anode:

Cu→Cu

2+

+2e

−

Answer 2

Electroplating is basically the process of plating a metal onto the other by hydrolysis mostly to prevent corrosion of metal or for decorative purposes. The process uses an electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations to develop a lean coherent metal coating on the electrode. Electroplating is often applied in the electrical oxidation of anions on a solid substrate like the formation of silver chloride on silver wire to form silver chloride electrodes.

Electroplating is majorly applied to modify the surface features of an object (e.g corrosion protection, lubricity, abrasion), but the process can also be used to build thickness or make objects by electro forming.

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