define system. give merits and limitations of any operating system. also explain types of operating systems.
Answers
Operating system is a system software that manages the software resources, Hardware devices and provides the common application services for computer system. Operating system installs the connection between Humans and Computers. Because of operating system only, we can perform work and give instructions to the computer.
In short, Operating system is a system software that creates the interface between computer and user. Operating system helps us to communicate with computers without knowing their language. It is not easy to use a computer system, mobile, TV any digital device without having operating system in it.
Operating system provides common services to computer system like File search, Calculator, Various in built apps, Word, PowerPoint and excel etc. Due to which, it becomes easy to use a computer system. If we use a computer system without OS, then we will just seeing Binary codes on our screen. Which aren't easy to get understood.
Features of Operating system:
- Resource the allocation of memory
- Protects the information and data inside the computer system
- Manages the memory
- Virtual multitasking
- Program execution
- Allows computer system with network
- Installs the connection between User and Computer.
Functions of Operating system:
- Memory Management
- File Management
- Device Management
- I/O management
- Networking
- Security
- Processor Management
- Secondary storage management
- Common interpretation
Types of Operating system:
- Multiprocessing OS
- Multitasking OS
- Batch OS
- Mobile OS
- Network OS
- Distributed OS
- Real Time OS
What is 32 Bit and 64 Bit ?
32 Bits system can handle ram only 3.2 GB of ram. 32 Bits system processes the data simultaneously and output in given in seconds. This systems required 32 bit CPU and OS.
64 Bits systems can handle ram up to 17 Billion GB. This systems processes the data in the bit of second. This are very simultaneous systems. This systems 64 bit CPU and OS.
Popular Operating systems for computer system:
- Windows - Versions: Windows 10, 8, 7, XP, 98...
- Apple OS - Versions: Mojave, Catalina, Mac OS X
- Linux - Versions - Red Hat, KDE....
- Ubuntu
- Chrome OS
- Fedora
Types. Merits and de-merits of an operating system
Explanation:
Some types of Operating system .
Batch Operating System.
Advantages
- Manages work load efficiently.
- Share by the multiple users
- Batch operating works on the principle FIFO First come first serve
Disadvantages
- Batch operating system difficult to debug the programs.
- Difficulty to predict the time of the process
- Works is slower. than other operating systems.
Examples
Payrolls, bank statement
Distributed Operating System.
This Operating system , every unit has its own memory unit and a CPU. One of the advantage is that a single user can access the file or a software , that are stored in another system , just connected to this network. There is a facility of remote access and enables the devices to connect to the network system.
Advantages
- Increasing speed in data exchange
- systems operate independently
- One system failure doesn't affect the other
- Reduces delay in processes.
Disadvantages:
- It is expensive.
- Software is highly complex.
Example
LOCUS
4) Network Operating System
The network operating system, run on a serve.Systems offers facility to manage data, applications, users , security, and networking roles. The access to networking functions is on minor or small private network. These Operating system are called tightly coupled systems.
Advantages:
- These Network operating system are stable and centralized system
- Servers handles all Security concerns and efficiently manage them.
- Technologies up gradation and hardware up-gradation can be easily integrated.
- Server access can be done remotely different locations and different systems .
Disadvantages
- Servers are costlier than other
- Depends on central location
- Regular updates is required
- Requires proper maintenance
5) Real-Time Operating System
Real-time systems are used when the time interval to answer the response is less and need to be accurate. Example missile systems, robots, engine etc.
The time constraints to respond to the query is restricted , no delay is not accepted. These real time system gives an instant response
Advantages:
- This operating system makes the efficient use of devices, resources and the systems
- The response time is less and the speed is fast
- It Focuses on running applications in a fast speed and involves less queues
- Mostly the responses are error free , so this is an advantage to make your process accomplish fast
- Memory allocation of this operating system is efficiently managed.
Disadvantages:
- There are some of the task that run at the same time.
- These systems are costlier than other operating system.
- There is a need of specific device drivers to carry out the processes.
- Switching tasks is performed less frequently
Examples:
Medical imaging, air traffic control systems, etc.