Question

Define the following terms
1. Sarcomas
2. Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia
3. Burkitt's Lymphoma

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Answer 1

1 Sarcomas:- These are derived from tissues of mesodermal origin, like from bone, fat or cartilage. They are generally rare in humans (about 1 per cent of all tumours).

Examples:-

• Bone cancer - Osteosarcoma
• Muscle cancer - Myosarcoma
• Lymph node cancer - Lymphosarcoma

Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia:- In short it known as CML. This is a tumour of haematopoietic cells. This fatal cancer occurs mainly due to reciprocal translocation between chromosome-22 & chromosome 9 which produces abnormal chromosome 22.

3. Burkitt's Lymphoma:- This is also a tumour of haematopoietic cells. This is produced because of reciprocal translocation between chromosome- 8 & chromosome-14.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. Sarcomas cancer cells develop in the bones and soft tissues such as fat tissues, cartilages, blood vessels, lymph and other supporting tissues of tendons and ligaments.The most common form of sarcoma in the bone is osteosarcoma, and in soft tissues include Kaposi sarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, leiomyosarcoma, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
2. Commonly known as blood cancer, leukaemia affects the tissues of the bone marrow which is responsible for blood production. It is one of the fatal forms of cancer.  Leukaemia is completely different from other types of cancer. It is caused by the uncontrolled production of white blood cells (Lymphoid cells and myeloid cells). These abnormal white blood cells damage the tissues of the bone marrow and crowd the normal blood cells. These abnormal white blood cells continue to divide and damage the complete normal blood cells. As a result, the Leukemia patient fails to provide adequate red blood cells to supply oxygen, adequate normal white blood cells to fight infections and adequate platelets for blood coagulation.
3. Burkitt lymphoma is a form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which cancer starts in immune cells called B-cells. Recognized as a fast growing human tumor, Burkitt lymphoma is associated with impaired immunity and is rapidly fatal if left untreated.