Define the major ‘fertility’ and ‘mortality’ indicators. Briefly explain their significance in economic planning.
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This article describes 1993 indicators of mortality and fertility for all of India and its states. Data are based on the Sample Registration Scheme of the Registrar. Children aged 0-14 years were 36.1% of total population in 1993. 57.6% were aged 15-59 years. Rural population structure was similar to national population structure. Urban population aged 0-14 years was only 33.9% of total population. The total fertility rate was 3.5 in the nation, 3.8 in rural areas, and 2.8 in urban areas. The total marital fertility rate was 4.9 in the nation, 5.1 in rural areas, and 4.3 in urban areas. 24.4% of live births in rural areas were fourth births or higher compared to 19.2% in urban areas. The crude death rate was 10.6 in rural areas and 5.8 in urban areas. The infant mortality rate was 82 in rural areas and 45 in urban areas. The neonatal mortality rate was 52.3 in rural areas and 28.4 in urban areas. The perinatal mortality rate was 47.9 in rural areas and 31.0 in urban areas. 56.3% of deliveries in rural areas were performed by untrained attendants compared to only 11.8% in urban areas. The perinatal mortality rate averaged 47.9 in India and ranged from a high of 71.7 in Karnataka state to a low of 17.9 in Kerala state. States with higher than the national average for perinatal mortality were Madya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. These states, with the exception of Tamil Nadu, also had higher infant mortality than the national average of 82. Child mortality was higher than the national average in six states. Neonatal mortality ranged from 60% to 77% for all but four states. Poliomyelitis cases declined from 4620 in 1994 to 3144 in 1995. Neonatal tetanus cases declined from 2158 to 1618. Measles cases declined from 48,358 to 35,747. These declines may be due to improved immunization. Urban vital statistics reflect better child health than rural statistics.
This article describes 1993 indicators of mortality and fertility for all of India and its states. Data are based on the Sample Registration Scheme of the Registrar. Children aged 0-14 years were 36.1% of total population in 1993. 57.6% were aged 15-59 years. Rural population structure was similar to national population structure. Urban population aged 0-14 years was only 33.9% of total population. The total fertility rate was 3.5 in the nation, 3.8 in rural areas, and 2.8 in urban areas. The total marital fertility rate was 4.9 in the nation, 5.1 in rural areas, and 4.3 in urban areas. 24.4% of live births in rural areas were fourth births or higher compared to 19.2% in urban areas. The crude death rate was 10.6 in rural areas and 5.8 in urban areas. The infant mortality rate was 82 in rural areas and 45 in urban areas. The neonatal mortality rate was 52.3 in rural areas and 28.4 in urban areas. The perinatal mortality rate was 47.9 in rural areas and 31.0 in urban areas. 56.3% of deliveries in rural areas were performed by untrained attendants compared to only 11.8% in urban areas. The perinatal mortality rate averaged 47.9 in India and ranged from a high of 71.7 in Karnataka state to a low of 17.9 in Kerala state. States with higher than the national average for perinatal mortality were Madya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. These states, with the exception of Tamil Nadu, also had higher infant mortality than the national average of 82. Child mortality was higher than the national average in six states. Neonatal mortality ranged from 60% to 77% for all but four states. Poliomyelitis cases declined from 4620 in 1994 to 3144 in 1995. Neonatal tetanus cases declined from 2158 to 1618. Measles cases declined from 48,358 to 35,747. These declines may be due to improved immunization. Urban vital statistics reflect better child health than rural statistics.
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