Question

Describe an experiment to verify the parallelogram law of forces. (11) Describe an experiment to determine the mass of the given body using principle of moments.​

Answer 1

Answer:

To determine mass of a given body using a metre scale by principle of moments. A metre scale, a broad heavy wedge with sharp edge, a weight box, a body of unknown mass. or m=Ma1/a1 which can be calculated. (i) Arm lengths fixed and equal, weight adjustable

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

1)Experiment to verify the parallelogram law of forces.

Answer:

Objectives:

To verify the parallelogram law of forces using the method of Gravesand’s apparatus.

Requirements of the apparatus:

Gravesand’s apparatus, paper sheet, slotted weight, thread, pencil,  mirror strips, cello tape and geometrical box tools.

Theory definition:

The parallelogram law of forces states that “when two concurrent forces are acting on the particles by representing the magnitude and the direction by the two sides of the parallelogram, it will be the resultant that will be represented by a magnitude and direction which is diagonal of which is drawn from the point that is same”.

Procedure:

1) Fix the paper sheet with the help of cello tape on the board set in a vertical plane such that is seen parallel to the edge of a board.

2) Now, take a thread and pass it through the two pulleys. The end of the thread is used for attaching the weight that is slotted.

3) Place the slotted weight, between the three hooks in such a manner so that knots will come towards the center of the paper.

4) Displace them by the position and start noting them if they come back to the original position and ensure the pulley will have minimum friction.

5) Mark the line of action of the given force so that the place of the plain mirror below of the each thread will be coincided with the image of the thread in mirror.

6) Start writing down the magnitude of force along with the line that meets at the point O.

7) choose the scale will be suitable for the weight and draw line OA, OB and OC at proportional to the scale.

8) Then, complete the parallelogram drawing of BC which is parallel to OA and AC which is parallel to OB will meet at point C.

OC becomes the diagonal of a parallelogram.

9) Convert the length into the force called as R and start checking if it is equal to P1 or not equal.

10) When R is not equal to P1 start to calculate the error.

11) Then, repeat this experiment for at least 2 to 3 times.

Table for observation:

S.NO.    Force along OA         Force along OB             Force along OD    

observed value of  resultant OC

                                                                                                   

Percentage error between OC and OD

= (OC – OD)/ OC x 100

2)Experiment to determine the mass of the given body using principle of moments

Answer:

Requirements of the apparatus:

Meter scale, board of heavy wedge with edges that are sharp, weight box and unknown body mass.

Theory of the experiment:

Let us consider, that if m and M are known as the mass of the body and the mass of the weight that is used are $a_{1}$ and $a_{2}$ will be the distance of the loops from the wedges.

The power of mass arm be $a_{1}$

The power of mass arm be $a_{2}$

The moment of the principle will be $mga_{1}$ = $mga_{2}$

Method to be followed for this experiment:

Using the concept of the physical balance:

Let the mass and the power of the arm be fixed and the weight arm be adjustable.

Let the mass be suspended at the fixed distance of $a_{1}$

Let the length of the power arm be adjusted such that the weight loop thread is in and out until the meter scale is horizontal.

A1 = a  and $a_{2}$ = A

Hence, mg $a_{1}$= Mg $a_{2}$

Again it becomes, m =$M A/a$

Procedure for the experiment:

1) Begin to arrange the meter scale in the horizontal position such that it supports the sharp edge of the heavy wedge at measurement of at least 50 cm.

2) It suspends the body of unknown mass by the loop thread at fixed mark which can be seen on the left side fo the wedge.

3) The paper pan is suspend at a distance which is same towards the right side of wedge with weights placed on it.

4) now we will adjust the weight in paper pan until the meter scale will become horizontal.

5) Again, repeat steps 2 and 5 for nearly 3 times and increase the length of the arms which is equal of steps which repeats the length.

Table for finding the observations:

S.NO    length of weight of arm (cm)       mean of weight in paper pan M(g)        

                                                   

unknown mass m(g)

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