Describe the classic paddle wheel experiment performed by joule.
Answers
In experiments, paddle wheel experiment is an 1845 experiment, conducted by English physicist James Joule, in which he let a weight of 890 pounds fall through a height of one foot, which worked (turned) a paddle wheel in a tub of water, thus causing a raise in temperature of one degree in the water, as measured by a thermometer. The measured variables: mass, height, temperature gave one of the first accurate measured of the mechanical equivalent of heat.
“The author gave the results of some experiments, in order to confirm the views he had already derived from experiments on the heat evolved by magneto-electricity, and from experiments on the changes of temperature produced by the condensation and rarefaction of elastic fluids. He exhibited to the section an apparatus consisting of a can of peculiar construction filled with water. A sort of paddle-wheel was placed in the can, to which motion could be communicated by means of weights thrown over two pulleys working in contrary directions. He stated that the force spent in revolving the paddle-wheel produced a certain increment in the temperature of the water; and hence he drew the conclusion that when the temperature of a pound of water is increased by one degree of Fahrenheit’s scale, an amount of vis viva is communicated to it equal to that acquired by a weight of 890 pounds after falling from the altitude of one foot.”
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