Describe the internal structure of Dicotyledonous leaf and monocotyledonous stem.
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Dicot Leaf:
1) The epidermis which covers both the upper surface(adaxial ) and the lower surface( abaxial )of the leaf has a conspicious cuticle.
2) The abaxial epidermis generally bear more stomata than the adaxial epidermis.
3) The tissue between the upper and the lower epidermis is called mesophyll which contain chloroplast and help in photosynthesis.
4) The adaxially placed palisade parenchyma which are arranged vertically and parallel to each other .
5) The oval or round and loosely arranged spongy parenchyma is situated below the palisade cells and extend to the lower epidermis.
6) Vascular system includes vascular bundles which found in the veins and the midrib.
7) The size of the vascular bundles are dependent on the size of the veins .
8)the vascular bundles are surrounded by a layer of thick walled bundle sheath cells .
Monocot Stem:
I) Epidermis: It is as usual single-layered with cuticularised outer walls.
2) Ground Tissues: Next to epidermis there are two or three layers of sclerenchyma forming the hypodermis. Ground tissues internal to hypodermis are all parenchymatous in nature showing the primary body no differentiation into cortex, starch sheath, etc. They are simply called ground tissue.
3) Vascular: Bundles are numerous and scattered in the ground tissue, more crowded towards the periphery than towards the centre. The bundles are collateral closed. That is why monocotyledons usually do not grow in thickness. Xylem has the usual elements. Two metaxylem vessels lie outwards and two protoxylem vessels towards the centre.
Hope it helps....
1) The epidermis which covers both the upper surface(adaxial ) and the lower surface( abaxial )of the leaf has a conspicious cuticle.
2) The abaxial epidermis generally bear more stomata than the adaxial epidermis.
3) The tissue between the upper and the lower epidermis is called mesophyll which contain chloroplast and help in photosynthesis.
4) The adaxially placed palisade parenchyma which are arranged vertically and parallel to each other .
5) The oval or round and loosely arranged spongy parenchyma is situated below the palisade cells and extend to the lower epidermis.
6) Vascular system includes vascular bundles which found in the veins and the midrib.
7) The size of the vascular bundles are dependent on the size of the veins .
8)the vascular bundles are surrounded by a layer of thick walled bundle sheath cells .
Monocot Stem:
I) Epidermis: It is as usual single-layered with cuticularised outer walls.
2) Ground Tissues: Next to epidermis there are two or three layers of sclerenchyma forming the hypodermis. Ground tissues internal to hypodermis are all parenchymatous in nature showing the primary body no differentiation into cortex, starch sheath, etc. They are simply called ground tissue.
3) Vascular: Bundles are numerous and scattered in the ground tissue, more crowded towards the periphery than towards the centre. The bundles are collateral closed. That is why monocotyledons usually do not grow in thickness. Xylem has the usual elements. Two metaxylem vessels lie outwards and two protoxylem vessels towards the centre.
Hope it helps....
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