Question

Describe the process of urine formation in kidney long answer

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

There are three different stages in the formation of urine by the filtration of blood through the nephrons. The process of urine formation in kidneys include the following steps:

(i) Glomerular filtration - Urine formation begins when the blood is filtered by the glomerulus then enters the Bowman's capsule and the glomerular filtrate is formed. The afferent arteriole entering the glomerulus is wider than the efferent arteriole in diameter. This increases the blood pressure within the glomerulus helps in the filtration. Glomerular filtrate is formed of all blood constituents except corpuscles and plasma proteins.

(ii) Tubular reabsorption - When the glomerular filtrate comes to the proximal tubule then the essential nutrients are reabsorbed. Glucose, amino acids, water, ions like sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, magnesium, calcium are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate. When the filtrate finally comes to the collecting duct ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) acts and reabsorbs the excess water and decreases the urine volume.

(iii) Tubular secretion - When the glomerular filtrate is in the proximal tubule creatinine, uric acid are secreted in it. When the filtrate goes to the distal part urea, potasium ion and some hydrogen ions are secreted in the form of urine.

Answer 2

Answer:

PROCESS OF URINE FORMATION IN KIDNEY.

Explanation:

1) The excretory system in human bejngs includes a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. This is also known as the urinary bladder.

2) The kidney are located in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone. They act as excretory organs and also control the balance of water and mineral ions in the body.

3) Each kidney are divided into the outer cortex an the inner medulla. The medulla is composed of conical masses of tissues that lead to pelvis.

4) The cortex has a random arrangement of tiny tubules called nephrons, which are the functional unit of the kidney. It consists of corpuscle and renal tubule.

5) A corpuscle is composed of tangled clusters of tiny blood capillaries called "glomerulus". This is called the filtration unit. A thin walled, sac like structure, called "Bowman's Capsule," surrounds the glomerulus.

6) The renal tubule leads away from Bowman's Capsule, and becomes highly coiled to form the "proximal convulated tubule". The tubule makes a hairpin loop, called the loop of Henle, and joins the distal convulated tubule. The distal convulated tubule opens into a collecting duct, which passes into the renal medulla.

7) From each kidney, a ureter arises and opens into the urinary bladder.

8) The urethra carries urine to the outside of the body. The urethra emerges through the penis in males, and close to the vagina in females.