describe the trends of internal human migration in india
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In some cases, the population moves from villages to small towns and then to a bigger metropolitan city: this may be termed ‘step-wise migration’.
Migration owing to a number of attractions offered by a city is interpreted as migration due to ‘push’ factors; on the other hand, people move out of villages due to ‘pull’ factors— such as better opportunities of employment, education, recreation, health care facilities, business, etc. outside villages. Some ‘push’ factors are unemployment, poverty, social insecurity, political instability and ethnic conflicts.
Trends of Migration in India:
Pattern The pattern of internal migration may be divided into the following: intra-state movement in the case of movement of people within the state itself, and inter-state movement when the migrants cross the borders of a state and settle down in another state. The bulk of intra-state migrations were not caused by economic factors. Since about three-fourths of all migrants were females, it becomes obvious that marriage was the prime reason for such migration.
Generally, about one-half of male intra-state migrants belong to rural-to-rural category. Most of these R→R migrants are from backward states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. It is obvious that migrants moved from their place of origin in search of better jobs in agricultural farms or other establishments in rural areas.
Out-migration mostly takes place from underdeveloped states like Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. Migrants had a tendency to move into comparatively developed regions like West Bengal, Maharashtra, the National Capital Territory of Delhi, Chandigarh, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Assam and Madhya Pradesh also witnessed in-migration but on a lesser scale.
Uneven development between regions is believed to be the major cause of migration. It is unfortunate that most of the major metropolitan cities of India are currently witnessing heavy in- migration and consequent population growth due to work opportunities offered by these cities. Cities like Delhi, for example, are badly affected by huge influx of migrants.
Migration owing to a number of attractions offered by a city is interpreted as migration due to ‘push’ factors; on the other hand, people move out of villages due to ‘pull’ factors— such as better opportunities of employment, education, recreation, health care facilities, business, etc. outside villages. Some ‘push’ factors are unemployment, poverty, social insecurity, political instability and ethnic conflicts.
Trends of Migration in India:
Pattern The pattern of internal migration may be divided into the following: intra-state movement in the case of movement of people within the state itself, and inter-state movement when the migrants cross the borders of a state and settle down in another state. The bulk of intra-state migrations were not caused by economic factors. Since about three-fourths of all migrants were females, it becomes obvious that marriage was the prime reason for such migration.
Generally, about one-half of male intra-state migrants belong to rural-to-rural category. Most of these R→R migrants are from backward states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. It is obvious that migrants moved from their place of origin in search of better jobs in agricultural farms or other establishments in rural areas.
Out-migration mostly takes place from underdeveloped states like Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. Migrants had a tendency to move into comparatively developed regions like West Bengal, Maharashtra, the National Capital Territory of Delhi, Chandigarh, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Assam and Madhya Pradesh also witnessed in-migration but on a lesser scale.
Uneven development between regions is believed to be the major cause of migration. It is unfortunate that most of the major metropolitan cities of India are currently witnessing heavy in- migration and consequent population growth due to work opportunities offered by these cities. Cities like Delhi, for example, are badly affected by huge influx of migrants.
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