Question

Describe the word Karnataka..

Answer 1

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Sri Alur Venkat Rao wrote his famous book "Karnataka Gatavaibhava" in1917
Scholars have spun a number of theories in interpreting the word 'Karnataka'. One view is that the original name was 'Kannada' which referred to the land and not to a language or people, and that 'Karnata' was only its Sankritised form. Nripatunga (9th century) and Andayya (13th century) call this land 'Kannada'. Some Scholars, however, argue that the Sanskrit name 'Karnata' was of earlier origin, from which 'Kannada' evolved.
Yet another speculation is that it is because of the two tribes, namely Karna and Nat who flourished in the territory that the land came to be so known. Dr. Caldwell and Dr. Gundert have propounded the derivation Kar + Nadu = Karnadu, meaning the Black Country, which refers to the black soil of the Deccan Plateau. Prof. T. N. Srikantaiah too subscribed to this theory. Hattangadi Narayan Rao, on the other hand proposed ' Karu + Nadu', which suggested "an elevated land", as the major parts of Karnataka are situated in the Deccan Plateau, at an average elevation of 1500 feet above sea level. Manjeshwar Govind Pai preferred to interpret 'Karu-Nadu' as 'great or extensive land', with the same connotation as Maharashtra.
Gamaka or Kavyavachana is a special ancient art of Karnataka. This is one among the 64 vidyas mentioned in the Hindu puranaas. The origin of Gamaka goes back to the age of Ramayana. Adikavi Valmiki taught Ramayana to Lava and Kusha, his disciples in Gamaka form. These two boys sang the whole of Ramayana in musical form before the great Sri Rama. Gamaka is the art of singing classical literature in musical form. Kannada literature is enriched by the classical poetic kavyas of the great poets like Pampa Ranna, Harihara, Raghavanka, Naranappa of Gadag Lakshmeesha, Torave Narahari. These literature are sung in different ragas, according to the meaning bringing out the poetic beauty. Gamaka is the perfect combination of "Kavya" or Literature and music. Artist who sings 'Gamaka' is known as 'Gamaki'. An able Gamaki should be well versed in both Music and Literature.
Karnataka has a hoary past. It is blessed with innumerable inscriptions, memorial stones and monuments of rich historical and cultural heritage. It has many sites of Pre-historic period and most of them are found scattered in the river valleys of Krishna, Bhima, Cauvery, Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Hemavathi, Tungabhadra, Manjra, Netravati and their tributaries. The Prehistoric culture of Karnataka viz., the Hand-axe culture, compares favourably with the one that existed in Africa and is quite distinct from the Pre-historic culture of North India. Places like Hunasagi, Budihal, Piklihal, Kibbanahalli, Nittur, Anagavadi, Khyad, Nyamati, Balehonnur and Uppinangadi (Lower Palaeolithic) ; Herakal, Tamminahal, Savalgi, Salvadgi, Menasagi, Pattadakal, Vajjala and Talakad (Middle Palaeolithic); Kovalli, Ingaleshvara, Yadwad and Maralabhavi (Upper Palaeolithic); Begaumpur, Vanamapurahalli, Hingani, Ingaleshwara, Tamminahal, Sringeri, Jalahalli, Kibbanahalli, Sanganakal and Doddaguni (Mesolithic); Maski, T. Narasipur, Banahalli, Hallur, Sanganakal, Hemmige, Brahmagiri and Uttanur (Neolithic-Chalcolithic); Rajana Kolur, Bachigudda, Aihole, Konnur, Terdal, Kumaranahalli, Tadakanahalli, Maski, Banahalli and Hallingali (Megalithic) are some of the important Pre-historic sites of Karnataka . The ragi grain is found commonly in Pre-historic sites of Africa and Karnataka .
The principal Dravidian language of Mysore, a region of southern India. Also called Kanarese.
Dravidian language, the official language of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is spoken by more than 33 million people in Karnataka; an additional 11 million Indians may speak it as a second language. The earliest inscriptional records in Kannada are from the 6th century. Kannada script is closely akin to Telugu script in origin. Like other major Dravidian languages, Kannada has a number of regional and social dialects and marked distinctions between formal and informal usage.

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