Question

difference between homologous and analogous organ at least 3 point

Answer 1

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Homologous Structures have similar morphology, embryology and anatomy etc. but are dissimilar in their functions. ... Analogous structures are those structures in different species which perform the same function, have similar appearance and structure but are not evolved together; therefore do not share a common ancestor.

The main difference between homologous and analogous structures is whether or not the species in question are related. Homologous structures are structures in different species that are similar because the species shared an ancestor at some point in evolutionary history.

Analogous organs are the opposite of homologous organs, which have similar functions but different origins. An example of an analogous trait would be the wings of insects, bats and birds that evolved independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings.

Examples of analogous structures range from wings in flying animals like bats, birds, and insects, to fins in animals like penguins and fish. Plants and other organisms can also demonstrate analogous structures, such as sweet potatoes and potatoes, which have the same function of food storage.

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Answer 2

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Homologous- same evolutionary origin and different functions.

Analogous- different evolutionary origin but same function.

Examples of homologous organs are:
1. Wing of a bat and our forearm, or any upper limb of any mammal with other mammals. These structures have similar arrangement of bones but perform different functions according to their habitat adaptation.
2. In plants, all the stem modifications or all the root modifications are homologous with each other. Such structures serve different functions like support, food storage et cetera.

Analogous organs have the following examples:
1. Leaf tendril and stem tendril. Both these perform the function of coiling or support. But one is of foliar origin and the other if stem.
2. Wings of a bat and that of an insect. Bat wing is a bony structure with association with underlying muscles. Insect wing are, however, membranous extensions.