Difference between Internalcombustion and external combustion engine
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Heat engines can be classified as:
Internal combustion (IC) engineand External combustion (EC) engine which can be further divided into reciprocating IC & EC engines and rotary IC & EC engines.
Now , let's discuss about IC and EC engines one by one.
External combustion engines are those in which combustion takes place outside the engine . Steam engine and steam turbines are the common example
For eg. In steam engine or steam turbine , heat generated due to combustion of fuel is employed to generate high pressure steam which is used as the working fluid in reciprocating engine or turbine.
Internal combustion engines are the petrol or diesel engines which we encounter in our daily life , the products of combustion are generated by air fuel combustion inside engine cylinder and these are our working fluid also .
Hence , combustion takes place inside the engine and products of combustion are working fluids also .
Reciprocating internal combustion engines are advantageous over others due to following -
No heat exchangers like that in steam turbines hence mechanical simplicityAverage working temperature is much less than the max working temperature of fluid because max temperature of fluid persist for very small time in reciprocating IC enginesIC engines can be used at higher thermal efficiency with moderate working pressure of the fluid hence, weight to power ratio is quite less as compared to steam turbinesIC engines of very small power output can be developed with reasonable efficiency and cost .
Only drawback of IC engines is vibration problem and only specific fuels can be used but water can be used in steam turbines (EC engine )
Internal combustion (IC) engineand External combustion (EC) engine which can be further divided into reciprocating IC & EC engines and rotary IC & EC engines.
Now , let's discuss about IC and EC engines one by one.
External combustion engines are those in which combustion takes place outside the engine . Steam engine and steam turbines are the common example
For eg. In steam engine or steam turbine , heat generated due to combustion of fuel is employed to generate high pressure steam which is used as the working fluid in reciprocating engine or turbine.
Internal combustion engines are the petrol or diesel engines which we encounter in our daily life , the products of combustion are generated by air fuel combustion inside engine cylinder and these are our working fluid also .
Hence , combustion takes place inside the engine and products of combustion are working fluids also .
Reciprocating internal combustion engines are advantageous over others due to following -
No heat exchangers like that in steam turbines hence mechanical simplicityAverage working temperature is much less than the max working temperature of fluid because max temperature of fluid persist for very small time in reciprocating IC enginesIC engines can be used at higher thermal efficiency with moderate working pressure of the fluid hence, weight to power ratio is quite less as compared to steam turbinesIC engines of very small power output can be developed with reasonable efficiency and cost .
Only drawback of IC engines is vibration problem and only specific fuels can be used but water can be used in steam turbines (EC engine )
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