Question

difference between para-nitrophenol and ortho-nitrophenol

Answer 1

In p-nitrophenol, molecular association takes place due to extensive hydrogen bonding between the molecules (intermolecular hydrogen bonding). Therefore, it has higher melting and boiling points. In o-nitrophenol, since the OH and NO2 are in close proximity to each other, intrmolecular hydrogen bonding takes place.
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Answer 2

Hello dear,

● O-nitrophenol vs P-nitrophenol -
1) O-nitrophenol has NO2 group attached to C2 while p-nitrophenol has NO2 group attached to C4.
2) O-nitrophenol is more volatile while p-nitrophenol is more stable.
3) P-nitrophenol is more acidic than phenol while o-nitrophenol is less acidic than phenol.
4) Boiling point of p-nitrophenol is higher than o-nitrophenol.

Hope this helps you...