difference between refining and
enrichment of ores
Answers
Answer:
METALS AND NON- METALS, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
ENRICHMENT OF ORES & EXTRACTION OF METALS OF NIDDLE REACTIVITY
ENRICHMENT OF ORES
Matrix/Gangue:- The various impurities present in ores is called matrix.
- These impurities must be removed before the extraction of the metal.
- These are different ways to remove gangue on the basis of physical and
chemical prosperities.
HYDROLIC WASHING:-
The oxide ore is grinded and brought down running water.
- The matrix present in it flow with water as it is lighter than metal As a result ore
in concentrated to further use.
FROTH FLOATATION PROCESS:-
In this process supplied ore is powdered and mixed with oil and put into a tank filled with water. An air column is pumped in the tank then matrix dissolve in water and settles down at bottom. The ores remain in oil and gives scum.
CHMICAL SEPARATION:-
Is involved in that ores in which milting point of ores is slightly lower than its matrix.
MAGNETIC SEPARATION:-
This process is involved in magnetite ores.
EXTRACTION OF METALS OF LOW REACTIVITY:-
Metals of low reactivity can be reduced to metal by simply heating, since these are very reactive.
e.g. 2HgS + 3O2(g) D 2Hgo(s) + 2SO2(g)
2HgO(s) D 2Hg(l) + O2(g)
EXTRACTION OF METALS OF NIDDLE REACTIVITY
Metals of middle activity are usually found in the form of sulphides, and carbonates. Since, it is easier to obtain metals from oxides of ores. So, before reduction it sulphides and carbonates are converted into metal oxides by the process of roasting and calcinations respectively.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CALCINATION AND ROASTING:-
Calcinations is a process in which a carbonate ores is converted into oxides form by heating it in the absence of air.
e.g. CaCO3 heat CaO + CO2
ZnCO3 heat ZnO + CO2
Roasting is process in which a supplied ores is converted into oxides form by heating it in the presence of air.
e.g ZnS + 3O2 heat ZnO +SO2
ZnCO3 + 3O2 heat HgO + SO2
After this, oxides form is reduced to the caress pounding metals by using reducing agents as carbon, sometime displacement reaction is used to extract metals using highly reactive metals as, Na, Ca, Al etc.
- This displacement reaction is highly reactive. Hence, metals are obtained in the molten state.
e.g Fe2O3 + 2Al(s) – 2Fe(l) + Al2O3(s) + heat
EXTRACTIONS OF METALS OF HIGH REACTIVITY:-
Since, these metals have more offinity with oxygen than carbon hence, these metals are not obtained by heating with carbon Hence, there metals are obtained by electrolysis reduction. Metals are obtained by electrolysis their molten chlorides. The, metal is deposited on cathode and chlorine is deposited on anode.
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